先兆早产、胎膜早破、妊娠期糖尿病及正常妊娠女性阴道菌群分布的比较

Distribution Comparison of Vaginal Flora Among Threatened Premature Delivery, Premature Rupture of Membranes, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normal Pregnancy Women

目的:比较先兆早产、胎膜早破、妊娠期糖尿病及正常妊娠女性阴道菌群分布情况。方法:选择2016年6月至2018年6月在苏州大学附属第二医院妇产科住院的妊娠女性806例,其中先兆早产组206例,胎膜早破组234例,妊娠期糖尿病组156例,正常妊娠组210例。记录四组女性异常阴道菌群检出率及异常阴道菌群分布情况。结果:四组女性的年龄、孕周比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。先兆早产组、胎膜早破组异常阴道菌群检出率高于妊娠期糖尿病组、正常妊娠组(P<0.05),而妊娠期糖尿病组、正常妊娠组异常阴道菌群检出率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。先兆早产组、妊娠期糖尿病组白色假丝酵母菌检出率高于胎膜早破组、正常妊娠组(P<0.05),先兆早产组、胎膜早破组阴道加德纳菌检出率高于妊娠期糖尿病组、正常妊娠组(P<0.05),先兆早产组无乳链球菌检出率高于胎膜早破组、妊娠期糖尿病组、正常妊娠组(P<0.05),胎膜早破组大肠埃希菌检出率高于先兆早产组、妊娠期糖尿病组、正常妊娠组(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠女性阴道感染以白色假丝酵母菌、大肠埃希菌、无乳链球菌、阴道加德纳菌为主,且先兆早产、胎膜早破女性阴道致病菌感染率较高,妊娠期糖尿病女性阴道白色假丝酵母菌的感染率较高。

Objective: Comparison of vaginal flora distribution among threatened premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes mellitus and normal pregnant women. Methods: 806 pregnant women hospitalized in department of obstetrics and gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University from June 2016 to June 2018 were selected, among them, 206 cases were threatened premature delivery group, 234 cases were premature rupture of membranes group, 156 cases were gestational diabetes mellitus group and 210 cases were normal pregnancy group. The detection rates of abnormal vaginal flora and the distribution of abnormal vaginal flora were recorded among the four groups. Results: There was no significant difference in age and gestational age among the four groups(P>0.05). The detection rates of abnormal vaginal flora in threatened premature delivery group and premature rupture of membranes group were higher than that in gestational diabetes mellitus group and normal pregnancy group(P<0.05), there was no significant difference in the detection rates of abnormal vaginal flora between gestational diabetes mellitus group and normal pregnancy group(P>0.05). The detection rates of Candida albicans in threatened premature delivery group and gestational diabetes mellitus group were higher than that in premature rupture of membranes group and normal pregnancy group(P<0.05), the detection rates of Gardnerella vaginalis in threatened premature delivery group and premature rupture of membranes group were higher than that in gestational diabetes mellitus group and normal pregnancy group(P<0.05), the detection rates of Streptococcus agalactiae in threatened premature delivery group were higher than that in premature rupture of membranes group, gestational diabetes mellitus group and normal pregnancy group(P<0.05), the detection rates of Escherichia coli in premature rupture of membranes group were higher than that in threatened premature delivery group, gestational diabetes mellitus group and normal pregnancy group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Candida albicans, Escherichia coli,Streptococcus agalactiae and Gardnerella vaginalis are the main types of vaginal infections in pregnant women, the infection rates of vaginal pathogens in women with threatened premature delivery and premature rupture of membranes are higher, the infection rates of vaginal Candida albicans in women with gestational diabetes mellitus are higher.