新型冠状病毒肺炎流行早期在上海某医院病毒性肺炎患者中的特点与构成比

Characteristics and proportion of corona virus disease 2019 in patients with viral pneumonia in early stage of epidemic in some hospitals in Shanghai

目的分析上海某医院不同病因的病毒性肺炎住院患者构成比,比较确诊新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)和非新冠肺炎患者的临床特点.方法选择上海交通大学附属第六人民医院及金山分院2020年1月22日至2月11日收治的64例病毒性肺炎患者为研究对象,其中10例为新冠肺炎病例,另54例为其他病因病毒性肺炎分析两组的临床特征及构成比.结果10例确诊新冠肺炎,占当期病毒性肺炎的15.6%.54例非新冠肺炎患者中,甲型流感病毒感染10例(15.6%),乙型流感病毒感染12例(18.8%),柯萨奇病毒感染8例(12.5%),单疱病毒感染4例(6.3%),不明病毒感染20例(31.2%).新冠肺炎组10例患者中发热9例(90.0%,体温在37.5~39.0℃),乏力或肌肉酸痛7例(70.0%),咳嗽4例(40.0%),鼻塞/流涕2例(20.0%),恶心1例(10.0%),咽痛1例(10.0%),无头痛、腹泻患者.非新冠肺炎组54例患者中发热46例(85.2%,体温在37.7~42.0℃),乏力或肌肉酸痛23例(42.6%),咳嗽39例(72.2%),头痛14例(25.9%),鼻塞/流涕11例(20.4%),咽痛9例(16.7%),恶心7例(13.0%),腹泻5例(9.3%).结论新冠肺炎流行期间,上海交通大学附属第六人民医院收治的新冠肺炎占住院病毒性肺炎的比例仅为15.6%.通过胸部CT、血常规、临床表现不能确定病毒性肺炎的病因学诊断,要通过新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)核酸检测来确诊新冠肺炎.

Objective To analyze the proportion of hospitalized patients with viral pneumonia with different etiologies and to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)and those with non-COVID-19 pneumonia in some hospitals of Shanghai.Methods Sixty-four patients with viral pneumonia admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Jinshan Branch Hospital from January 22 to February 11,2020 were selected as the research subjects,with 10 cases of COVID-19 and 54 cases of viral pneumonia caused by other reasons.The clinical characteristics and proportion of viral pneumonia with different etiologies were calculated.Results There were 10 cases(15.6%)of COVID-19.In 54 cases of non-COVID-19 pneumonia,10 cases(15.6%)were infected by influenza A,12 cases(18.8%)by influenza B,8 cases(12.5%)by Coxsackie virus,4 cases(6.3%)by herpes simplex virus,and 20 cases(31.2%)by unknown pathogen virus.In COVID-19 group,there were 9 cases with fever(90.0%,37.5-39.0℃),7 cases with asthenia or muscle ache(70.0%),4 cases with cough(40.0%),2 cases with nasal obstruction/runny nose(20.0%),only I case with nausea(10.0%),1 case with pharyngeal pain(10.0%),no headache or diarrhea.In 54 cases of non-COVID-19 pneumonia group,there were,46 cases with fever(85.2%,37.7-42.0℃),23 cases with asthenia or muscle ache(42.6%),39 cases with cough(72.29%),14 cases with headache(25.9%),11 cases with nasal obstruction/runny nose(20.4%),9 cases with pharyngeal pain(16.7%),7 cases with nausea(13.0%)and 5 cases with diarrhea(9.3%).Conclusions During the epidemic period of COVID-19,the proportion of COVID-19 in hospitalized viral pneumonia in the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University is only 15.6%.The etiological diagnosis of viral pmeumonia can not be determined by chest CT imaging,blood routine and clinical manifestations,but by the detection of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)nucleic acid test.