金融诈骗罪刑法单独设节的理性思考

Rational Thinking on the Separate Section of the Criminal Law of Financial Fraud Crime

现行刑法将金融诈骗罪单独设节作为刑法分则第三章第五节从而与分则第三章第四节破坏金融管理秩序罪形成独立、并列的关系。这种被视为突破刑法立法体例传统的做法引起理论上的争议。肯定金融诈骗罪单独设节的观点从社会危害性、罪刑法定原则、金融诈骗罪罪群以及便利实务适用等四个方面论证了这种做法的合理性,否定说的学者认为金融诈骗罪单独设节具有与立法体例不合、立法思路不一、无单独设节之必要以及与境外刑法立法趋势相悖等缺陷从而不应单独设节。本文从金融诈骗罪主要客体、金融犯罪逻辑体系以及刑事立法传统等方面论证了金融诈骗罪单独设节不具有合理性且一一回应了肯定说所提出的观点。本文认为,金融诈骗罪的主要客体是金融交易秩序,其是金融管理秩序的下位概念,金融诈骗罪应当划入破坏金融管理秩序罪分节之下。

In the current Criminal Law,the crime of financial fraud is divided into a separate section as the third section of the Fifth Section of the third chapter of the Criminal Law.This is regarded as a breakthrough in the traditional style of criminal legislation practice caused theoretical controversy.Affirming that the view of a separate section on the crime of financial fraud demonstrates the rationality of this practice from four aspects:social harmfulness,the principle of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime,the criminal groups of the crime of financial fraud and the convenience of practical application,the negative scholars think that a separate section of the crime of financial fraud should not be established because it is not in line with the legislative style,legislative thinking,the need for a separate section and the trend of criminal legislation abroad.This paper proves that the separate section of the crime of financial fraud is not reasonable from the main object of the crime of financial fraud,the logical system of the crime of financial fraud and the tradition of criminal legislation.This paper holds that the main object of the crime of financial fraud is the order of financial transactions,which is the subordinate concept of the order of financial management.