我国高等学校学费定价合理性分析

A Probe into Reasonable Pricing for Higher Education Tuition Fee in China

高等教育在学界普遍被认为具有准公共品性质,而准公共品价格应当遵循一定的市场化调节机制。据统计,我国大部分高等学校学费在十余年内未发生明显变化,在注重公平性的同时完全忽视了效率。分析国内居民可支配收入和助学贷款数据发现,学费存在一定上涨的空间。高等学校财务状况显示,当前学费价格仅占生均教育支出不到20%,对比国外高等学校有结构性差异。采用成本比例法、通货膨胀法、收入比例法估算发现,调整后学费定价虽高于现阶段收取的学费,但通过现有的学生资助手段仍具有负担这一价格水平的可能性。

Higher education is generally accepted as quasi-public goods,whose pricing is supposed to follow the mechanism for market regulation to some extent. But according to statistics,the vast majority of colleges and universities have not significantly changed the tuition fee for over a decade,attaching importance to educational equality but ignoring efficiency. An analysis of Chinese residents’ disposable income and student loans shows that there is space for the increase of the tuition fee. However,the financial status of colleges and universities indicates that the tuition fee only accounts for less than 20 percent of the average student expenditure on education,which shows a structural difference in contrast with the tuition fee of oversea colleges and universities. This study,based on the cost ratio,inflation,and the income ratio,concludes that the tuition fee after adjustment will be higher,but students will be likely to afford it by relying on the current system of financial aid.