计划妊娠夫妇成人依恋类型与社会支持调查研究

Adult attachment types and social support of planned pregnancy couples

目的探讨计划妊娠夫妇的依恋类型、社会支持及两者之间的关系。方法采用成人依恋量表和社会支持量表,选择重庆地区3所区级妇幼保健院(渝北区妇幼保健院、綦江区妇幼保健院和铜梁区妇幼保健院)2017—2018年接受孕前优生健康检查的326对(共652人)计划妊娠夫妇进行问卷调查。结果①计划妊娠夫妇的依恋类型分布:安全型507人(77.76%),先占型112人(17.18%),拒绝型27人(4.14%)和恐惧型6人(0.92%);②社会支持结果:低社会支持19人(2.91%),有一定的社会支持375人(57.52%),社会支持较充分258人(39.57%);③修订版成人依恋量表(AAS)的亲近、依赖两个分量表得分与社会支持的3个维度和总分呈正相关(相关系数r分别为0.244、0.245、0.172、0.289、0.275、0.121、0.243、0.260,均P<0.01),而焦虑分量表的得分与社会支持各维度呈负相关(相关系数r分别为-0.284、-0.149、-0.144、-0.253,均P<0.01)。结论计划妊娠夫妇的依恋类型与社会支持的各个维度及总分都有非常显著的相关关系,依恋或亲密关系状态越好,社会支持情况也越好;依恋或亲密关系中越倾向于回避或焦虑,社会支持的情况越差。反之,社会支持得分越高,则依恋情况和亲密关系体验可能越好。

Objective To explore the attachment types,social support and the relationships between them of planned pregnancy couples.Methods Using adult attachment scale and social support scale,326 couples with planned pregnancies who received pre-pregnancy health examination in three district level maternal and child health hospitals in Chongqing(Yubei District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Qijiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Tongliang Maternal and Child Health Hospital)from 2017 to2018 were selected for questionnaire survey.Results(1)There were four types of attachment on planned pregnancy couples:safety507(77.76%),preemptive 112(17.18%),refusal 27(4.14%)and fear 6(0.92%);(2)The result of social support:low social support 19(2.91%),general social support 375(57.52%),satisfied social support 258(39.57%);(3)There is a significant positive correlation between the score of two subscales of AAS and the three dimensions of social support and the total score of social support(correlation coefficients were 0.244,0.245,0.172,0.289,0.275,0.121,0.243,0.260,P<0.001),and the score of the anxiety subscale has a very significant negative correlation with the various dimensions of social support(correlation coefficients were-0.284,-0.149,-0.144,-0.253,P<0.001).Conclusion Attachment types of planned pregnant couples are significantly correlated with various dimensions and total scores of social support.The better attachment or intimate relationship,the better social support;the more inclined to avoid or anxiety in attachment or intimate relationship,the worse social support.Conversely,the higher the score of social support,the better the attachment and intimate relationship experience.