2017~2018年福建省0~5岁儿童出生队列肠道病毒71型疫苗接种率分析

Birth cohort analysis on inoculation rate of enterovirus 71 vaccine among children at ages of 0 ~ 5 years in Fujian Province,China from 2017 to 2018

目的分析2017~2018年福建省0~5岁儿童肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV71)疫苗的接种率。方法通过福建省免疫规划信息管理系统查询2017~2018年福建省0~5岁儿童EV71疫苗接种数据,应用Excel 2007软件对数据进行整理和统计分析。结果 2017~2018年福建省0~5岁儿童接种EV71疫苗950 598剂次。2017和2018年人均接种剂次分别为1 000. 71和1 812. 46剂次/万人,1岁组和2岁组为最高,3岁组次之,再次为6~12月龄组和4岁组,5岁组最低。2017和2018年全省全程接种率分别为4. 18%和8. 47%,各地市全程接种率为0. 70%~10. 46%和4. 62%~10. 96%;全省未全程接种与全程接种人数比值分别为1. 39和1. 14,各地区比值分别为1. 27~1. 85和1. 01~1. 21。结论目前福建省EV71疫苗接种率较低,需进一步提高,特别是6~12月龄儿童的接种率。应加强家长对手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)认知及EV71疫苗安全性、保护力等方面的宣传教育,做好预防接种人员培训,严格执行接种程序,确保疫苗保护效果。

Objective To analyze the inoculation rate of enterovirus 71(EV71)vaccine in children at ages of 0 ~ 5 years in Fujian Province,China from 2017 to 2018. Methods Data on the inoculation rates of EV71 vaccine in the children at ages of 0 ~ 5 years in Fujian Province were collected from the Fujian Immunization Program Information Management System,and subjected to statistical analysis by using Excel 2007 software. Results A total of 950 598 doses of EV71 vaccine were inoculated in Fujian Province during 2017 ~ 2018. The average number of vaccination per capita was 1 000. 71 doses/ten thousand people in 2017 and 1 812. 46 doses/ten thousand people in 2018,which was the highest in the children at ages 1 and 2 years,followed by that at ages of 3 years,6 ~ 12 months and 4 years,and the lowest in that at5 years. The whole course vaccination rates in 2017 and 2018 were 4. 18% and 8. 47% in the whole province,while were0. 70% ~ 10. 46% and 4. 62% ~ 10. 96% in various cities,respectively. However,the ratios of populations receiving no while course vaccination to that receiving whole course vaccination in 2017 and 2018 were 1. 39 and 1. 14 in the whole province,and 1. 27 ~ 1. 85 and 1. 01 ~ 1. 21 in various cities,respectively. Conclusion The coverage of EV71 vaccine is still insufficient in Fujian Province and further measures need to be taken to increase vaccination rate especially that in the children at ages of 6 ~ 12 months. The awareness of parents in HFMD as well as the safety and protection of EV71 vaccine should increase while the training of vaccination staff should be strengthened and the immune schedule should be completed strictly to ensure the immune effect of vaccination.