广东清远地区儿童呼吸道感染患者三种病毒RNA检测结果分析

Analysis of the Results for Detection of Children with Respiratory Infection of Three Viral RNA in Guangdong Qingyuan District

目的探讨广东清远地区儿童呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)、副流感病毒(parainfluenza virus, PIV)和腺病毒(adenovirus,ADV)的流行特点,为临床诊断和防治儿童呼吸道疾病提供依据。方法对2017年3月1日~2019年2月28日在清远市妇幼保健院治疗的7 007例呼吸道疾病患儿采集咽拭子标本采用核酸双扩增法(double amplification method,DAT)进行RSV,PIV和ADV三项病毒RNA检测,并对结果进行分析。结果 7 007例患儿三项病毒总阳性率为25.09%(1 758/7 007),其中RSV 11.06%(775/7 007),PIV 8.58%(601/7 007),ADV 3.67%(257/7007)和混合感染1.78%(125/7 007)。RSV在冬季阳性率最高(16.85%,407/2 415),四季阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=141.44,P<0.05),PIV和ADV四季阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=7.51,4.75,均P>0.05)。三项病毒男、女阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ^2=0.23,0.81,0.60,均P>0.05)。RSV 0~1岁阳性率最高(15.41%,516/3 348),PIV 6~9岁阳性率最高(11.89%,34/286),ADV 3~6岁最高(6.38%,81/1 270),三项病毒各年龄段阳性率差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=154.97,29.85,114.99,均P<0.05)。肺炎RSV阳性率最高(14.68%, 701/4 774),支气管炎PIV阳性率最高(10.49%,28/267),上呼吸道感染ADV阳性率最高(10.98%, 48/437),三项病毒在不同呼吸道疾病中阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=202.46,34.45,86.15,均P<0.05)。结论广东清远地区三种病毒在儿童呼吸道疾病RSA阳性率最高,PIV次之,它们在不同年度、季节、年龄和疾病阳性率有差异。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV), parainfluenza virus(PIV) and adenovirus(ADV)of children in Qingyuan of Guangdong to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and prevention of respiratory diseases in children. Methods The sputum test specimens collected from 7 007 children with respiratory diseases who were treated in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qingyuan from March 1,2017 to February 28,2019 were tested for three pathogens of RSV, PIV and ADV RNA by nucleic acid double amplification method(DAT), and the results were analyzed. Results The total positive rate of three viruses was 7 007 children was 25.09%(1 758/7 007),of which RSV 11.06%(775/7 007), PIV 8.58%(601/7 007), ADV 3.67%(257/7 007) and mixed infection 1.78%(125/7 007). The positive rate of RSV was the highest in winter(16.85%,407/2 415), and the positive rate was statistically significant in four seasons (χ^2=141.44,P<0.05),the positive rate of PIV and ADV in four seasons were no statistically significant (χ^2=7.51,4.75,all P>0.05). There were no statistically significant between male and female (χ^2=0.23,0.81,0.60,all P>0.05). The positive rate of RSV was the highest in children 0~1 years(15.41%,516/3 348), PIV was 6~9 years(11.89%,34/286), and ADV was 3~6 years(6.38%,81/1 270), the positive rate of three viruses were statistically significant in all ages(χ^2=154.97,29.85,114.99,all P<0.05). The positive rate of RSV was the highest in pneumonia(14.68%,701/4 774), PIV was in bronchitisthe(10.49%,28/267), and ADV was in upper respiratory tract infection(10.98%,48/437),the positive rate of three viruses in different respiratory diseases were statistically significant(χ2=202.46,34.45,86.15,all P<0.05). Conclusion The highest positive rate of three viruses was RSA in children with respiratory diseases, followed by PIV. They had different positive rates in different years, seasons, ages and diseases in Qingyuan district.