暴力动画片对5~6岁幼儿攻击性认知的启动效应

Priming Effect of Violent Cartoon on Aggressive Cognition in 5-6-year-old Kindergartners

基于一般攻击模型理论,本研究考察了暴力动画对幼儿攻击性认知的启动效应。随机抽取400名5~6岁的幼儿(50%女)参与实验统计,200名幼儿观看暴力动画片,200名幼儿观看非暴力动画片,采用修正后的语义分类任务测量被试的攻击性认知水平并进行多元方差分析。结果发现:(1)相比于非暴力动画片组,观看暴力动画片组的幼儿存在更高的攻击性认知。(2)对于男生而言,观看暴力动画片的幼儿比观看非暴力动画片的幼儿存在更高的攻击性认知,而女生则不存在暴力组和中性动画片的组别差异。(3)对于高攻击性特质而言,观看暴力动画片的幼儿比观看非暴力动画片的幼儿存在更高的攻击性认知,而中等攻击性特质和低攻击性特质不存在显著组别差异。(4)5岁和6岁幼儿在观看暴力动画片后的攻击性认知水平不存在显著组别差异。综合研究结果表明,性别和特质攻击是暴力动画情境下调节5~6岁大班幼儿攻击性认知水平的重要个体变量。

Based on the theory of general aggression model(GAM),the study examined the priming effect of violent cartoon on aggressive cognition among kindergartners.A total of N=400(50%girls)5-6-year-old kindergartners were randomly selected to participate in the experimental analysis,with 200 kindergartners assigned to the violent cartoon group and the other 200 kindergartners assigned to the nonviolent cartoon group.A modified semantic classification task and ANONVA were employed to measure the levels of aggressive cognition.The results revealed that:(1)Kindergartners in violent cartoon group display higher aggressive cognition than those in nonviolent cartoon group.(2)Boys who watched a violent cartoon exhibit higher aggressive cognition than those who watched a nonviolent cartoon,whereas girls exhibit no significant group differences between violent cartoon and neutral cartoon groups.(3)Kindergartners with high trait-aggressiveness who watched a violent cartoon demonstrate higher aggressive cognition than those who watched a nonviolent cartoon,whereas kindergartners with moderate trait-aggressiveness and low trait-aggressiveness demonstrate no significant group differences.(4)No significant group differences were found in aggressive cognition between 5-year-old and 6-year-old kindergartners after watching a violent cartoon.These findings suggested that sex and trait-aggressiveness are important personal variables which moderate levels of aggressive cognition among 5-6-year-old kindergartners under the context of a violent cartoon.