秦巴山区消费扶贫的益贫性空间分异

Spatial differentiation of methods for poverty alleviation by consumption in Qinling-Daba mountain areas of China

为探索消费扶贫的益贫性的内在机理,进一步为精准扶贫政策落实指明方向,该文以秦巴山区典型贫困县(重庆市云阳县)的78个贫困村为例,分析了消费扶贫的益贫性的空间特征及影响因素,并深入分析了主要影响因素与消费扶贫的益贫性之间的作用机理。结果表明:消费扶贫的益贫性具有随着村-城空间距离的加大逐渐降低的趋势,县域交界处成为消费扶贫的益贫性盲区。消费扶贫的益贫性具有高值聚集和低值聚集的空间关联特征,高值区集中在城市周边区域,低值区则集中在距离城市较远的高山地带。道路交通对消费扶贫的益贫性具有显著的负向影响,营销宣传、公共帮联、家庭特征和市场体系建设具有显著的正向影响,而信息网络建设对消费扶贫的益贫性作用尚未完全凸显。因此,为巩固贫困人口的脱贫稳定性,在保持交通、营销、责任帮扶和现代农业市场体系建设的同时,应进一步加强信息网络建设力度,提高网络建设对消费扶贫的带动作用。

Poverty reduction in Chinese rural areas is the focus of the attention of the Chinese government and academia. As an important poverty alleviation measure, poverty alleviation by consumption belonged to the category of poverty alleviation by industry. This research aimedat exploring the intrinsic mechanism of pro-poor in consumption-oriented poverty alleviation.Taken the 78 typical poor villagesin Qinba mountain area, Yunyang county, Chongqing as the sample, this paper reviewed the earlier literature of anti-poverty theories, consumption for poverty alleviation, pro-poor, etc., as well as the Chinese related policies in poverty alleviation areas. This research defined the academic definition of consumption poverty alleviation and propoor at first and then established a poverty alleviation index system and model for consumer poverty alleviation. Besides, this research used the least-squares method and the spatial doubly model to analyze the spatial characteristics and influential factors of the pro-poor of consumption poverty alleviation. The mechanism between the main influencing factors and the benefit of consumption-oriented poverty alleviation wasdeeply analyzed. This research also discussed about the interactive mechanism between the participation of consumer subjects in poverty alleviation process and the improvised subjects. The results showed that consumption poverty alleviation, as an important measure of targeted poverty alleviation, was of great significance to the improvement of poverty reduction in Qinba mountain area. However, the county boundaries became the blind area in the poverty alleviation through consumption, because the consumption-oriented poverty alleviation tended to falll downwith the increase of village-city spatial distance. The beneficence of consumption-oriented poverty alleviation was characterized by the spatial correlation between high-value aggregation and low-value aggregation, to be more specific, the high-value areas concentrated in the areas around the city, while the low-value areas concentrated in high mountain areas far from the city. The empirical study showed that the distance and time had a significant negative impact on the pro-poor nature of consumption poverty alleviation, while other factors such as the marketing promotion, public help, family characteristics,and market system construction hada significant positive effect on the poverty alleviation through consumption.However, the beneficial effect of information network construction on consumer poverty alleviation hadnot been fully highlighted.Consequently, the policy recommendations of this study are as follows: To consolidate the stability of poverty alleviation among the poor, the construction of traffic infrastructure, marketing, responsibility assistance, and modern agricultural market system are important. When the industrial scale is enlarged, which attracts more new business entities such as leading enterprises and e-commerce, increases marketing investment to stimulate products to be consumed, forms economies of scale and increases pro-poor by poverty alleviation through consumption, the effect of poverty reduction is significantly enhanced.In the meantime, the construction of the information networks should be further strengthened, and the leading role of network construction should be enhanced to reduce poverty through consumption.