高分辨率光学卫星测绘技术综述

A Review of High Resolution Optical Satellite Surveying and Mapping Technology

从第一颗人造卫星的成功发射到如今日益丰富的高分辨率遥感卫星,基于卫星平台的航天摄影测量已经成为大中比例尺地形图测制和修测的主要手段。高分辨率卫星立体测绘的实现离不开高精度测绘处理技术的不断进步。文章对高分辨率光学卫星的三种典型测绘(三线阵、双线阵和单线阵/面阵)方式及特点进行了分析,对测绘处理涉及的几何关键技术进行了介绍,最后结合中国测绘卫星发射规划,对未来智能遥感卫星服务应用模式下航天摄影测量的发展进行了展望。

From the successful launch of the first artificial satellite to today’s increasingly abundant high-resolution remote sensing satellites,space photogrammetry based on satellite platforms has become a major means of surveying and revising large and medium scale topographic maps.The realization of high-resolution satellite stereo mapping cannot be separated from the continuous research of high-precision mapping processing technology.In this paper,three typical surveying and mapping methods(three line array,dual line array,and single line array/plane array)and their characteristics of high-resolution optical satellite are analyzed,and the key geometrical technologies involved in surveying and mapping processing are introduced.Finally,the future development of space photogrammetry under the service and application mode of intelligent remote sensing satellite is prospected based on the launch plan of China’s surveying and mapping satellites.