增施生物有机肥对燕麦生长及产量的影响

Effect of Increasing Application of Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Oats

为了促进西藏饲草种植业的持续健康发展,以燕麦为研究对象,开展生物有机肥部分替代化肥,增加有机肥用量对燕麦生长发育和产量的影响研究,探索生物有机肥在燕麦上的应用效果。试验设定不同的生物有机肥施用比例,通过对比不同处理下的株高、分蘖、饲草产量、籽粒产量等差异,确定有机肥的施用量,从而达到土壤环境改善、肥料利用效率提高、优质饲草生产的目的。结果表明,在化肥施用量减少30%的情况下,增施有机肥有利于增加燕麦的株高、分蘖数、成穗数和千粒重,株高的增加量与增施有机肥的量成正比;增施有机肥还可以提高燕麦的籽粒和秸秆产量,且对籽粒产量的增加更为明显。增施50%有机肥处理的籽粒产量最高,为3513.35 kg/hm^2,比常规化肥处理高13.87%,两者差异极显著;而其秸秆产量无显著差异,最高为17515.95 kg/hm^2;燕麦增施有机肥的过程还存在累计效应。

In order to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the forage grass planting industry in Tibet,oats were choosen to study the effects of increasing application of organic fertilizer and reducing the chemical fertilize on growth and yield of oats.Different amount of organic fertilizer was set to compare the plant height,tiller,forage yield,grain yield etc under different treatments,and the amount of organic fertilizer was determined in order to achieve the purpose of improving the soil environment,increasing the efficiency of fertilizer utilization,and producing high quality forage.The results showed that in the case of 30% reduction in chemical fertilizer application,adding organic fertilizer was beneficial to increase the plant height,tiller number,panicle number and 1000-grain weight of oats,the increase in plant height was proportional to the amount of organic fertilizer added.The grain and straw yield of oats could be increased by increasing the application of organic fertilizer,and the increase of grain yield was more obvious.The grain yield was the highest when 50%organic fertilizer was applied,reached to 3513.35 kg/hm^2,13.87% higher than that of conventional chemical fertilizer treatment,and the difference between this two treatments was extremely significant.However,there was no significant difference in straw yield between them,the highest was 17515.95 kg/hm^2.There was still a cumulative effect in the process of adding organic fertilizer to oats.