抗战前广州救济院之初步研究(1933-1937年)

Preliminary Study of Guangzhou Relief Institute before the Anti-Japanese War(1933-1937)

广州救济院成立于1933年,到抗战全面爆发前经过长时间的管理与运作已经初具规模。根据已有资料对广州救济院的成立背景、组织机构、经费来源、运作特征及成绩和困境进行阐述,最后进行反思,认为广州救济院的救济思想由单一的向贫民救济到要求贫民自我努力、自力更生,希望贫民由被动救济向自我解救的角色转变,这对今天救济贫困人群仍有所启示。此外,救济院在运作过程中通过对外输出产品以产生经济效益,并积极参与政府对社会的管理与服务,其自身的性质功能都发生了扩充、变化。

Guangzhou Relief Institute,founded in 1933,had begun to take shape after a long period of management and operation before the full outbreak of the Anti-Japanese war.Based on the existing data,the paper expounded the establishment background,organization,source of funds,operation characteristics,achievements and difficulties of Guangzhou Relief Institute,and then reflected on it.It is believed that the relief thought of Guangzhou Relief Institute has changed from a single relief to a self-effort and self-reliance of the poor,and hoped that the role of the poor would change from passive relief to self-rescue,which still has some inspiration for the relief of the poor today.In addition,in the process of operation,the relief Institute uses economic benefits to export products and actively participates in the government’s management and service to society,and its own nature and function have expanded and changed.