特殊地质条件下露天矿爆破质量提升措施

Measures on blasting quality improvement under special geological conditions in Open-pit Mine

结合哈尔乌素露天煤矿工程地质条件,分析“上硬下软”、“上软下硬”特殊地质条件下出现大块与根底的原因,提出“上硬下软”台阶爆破时采用间隔装药结构及压渣爆破等优化措施可有效降低大块量,“上软下硬”台阶爆破时通过加大超深、调整孔网参数等优化措施降低根底出现的概率。现场实践表明:通过间隔装药、加大超深及调整孔网参数等措施可有效提高特殊地质条件下的爆破质量。

Combining with the engineering geological conditions in Ha'erwusu Open-pit Mine,this article analyzes the reasons of the occurrence of large blocks and roots under the special geological conditions of upper and lower soft,upper and lower hard,proposes that the optimization measures such as interval charge structure and slag blasting can effectively reduce the size of large blocks in upper and lower soft bench blasting.In up soft and hard bench blasting,the probability of root bottom appearance is reduced by increasing the ultra-deep and adjusting the parameters of hole network.The field practice shows that the blasting quality under special geological conditions can be effectively improved by means of interval charge,increasing ultra-deep and adjusting hole network parameters.