杭州地区1678例荨麻疹患者过敏原分布及临床意义研究

Distribution of the Allergen in 1678 Patients with Urticaria in Hangzhou and Its Clinical Significance

目的研究杭州地区荨麻疹患者的过敏原分布及其临床意义。方法对杭州地区1678例荨麻疹患者进行过敏原检测,统计总Ig E阳性率的差异是否存在性别及年龄差异,并分析该地区患者吸入性过敏原和食入性过敏原分布特点及季节对荨麻疹分布的影响。结果荨麻疹患者中总IgE阳性例数高达87.96%,男性阳性率为90.47%,高于女性的86.24%,总IgE阳性的荨麻疹患者中吸入性过敏原占74.59%,食入性过敏原占41.60%,位列前3的过敏原为尘螨(31.44%)、点青霉(15.24%)、腰果(9.01%),儿童少年组、青年组、中老年组的总IgE阳性率分别为94.74%、87.42%、82.55%,差异有统计学意义。7、8月份患者例数最多,10月份总IgE阳性例数最多。结论杭州地区荨麻疹患者中大部分表现出总IgE阳性,主要为吸入性过敏原导致,前3位分别是尘螨、点青霉和腰果,且夏秋季为疾病高发期。

Objective In order to study the distribution of the allergen in patients with urticaria in Hangzhou and its clinical significance.Methods Detected the allergen in 1678 patients with urticaria in Hangzhou.The total IgE positive rate between different gender and age and the distribution characteristics of inhalation allergen and food allergen in this region were analyzed.And the seasonal effects on distribution of urticaria were analyzed.Results In patients with urticaria,the total IgE positive number was as high as 87.96%,positive rate in male(90.47%)higher than that in women(86.24%).The total IgE positive of inhalation allergen in patients with urticaria was 74.59%,food allergen accounted for 41.60%.The top three allergens were dust mites(31.44%),penicillium notatum(15.24%)and cashew(9.01%).The total IgE positive rates of children and teenagers group,youth group and elderly group were 94.74%,87.42%and 82.55%,and the differences were statistically significant.The number of patients with urticaria was higher in July and August.The total IgE positive number was higher in October.Conclusion Patients with urticaria mostly show total IgE positive in Hangzhou.These patients are mainly casued by inhaled allergens,and the top three are dust mites,penicillium notatum and cashew nuts respectively.Summer and autumn are high-incidence season of this disease.