磷肥和钾肥配合施用对防风有效成分含量的影响

Effects of combined application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the active ingredients of Saposhnikovia divaricate

为了研究不同配比的磷钾肥对1 a生、2 a生有效成分含量的影响,采用田间试验测定1 a生、2 a生防风根干重,以HPLC测定防风有效成分升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷的含量。结果表明,当1 a生和2 a生防风施肥处理分别为P2O5124 kg/hm2和K2O 46 kg/hm2、P2O5186 kg/hm2和K2O 92 kg/hm2时,防风根干重均达到最大值。当1 a生、2 a生防风分别施用P2O5124 kg/hm2和K2O 46 kg/hm2、P2O5124 kg/hm2和K2O 92 kg/hm2时,防风中升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷总含量最高。钾肥对1 a生、2 a生防风根干重均有显著影响。最适于防风有效成分积累的磷肥量为P2O5124 kg/hm2。一定范围内配合施用磷钾肥促进防风生长,有利于升麻素苷和5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷含量积累。综合考虑产量与品质,在田间氮素补至一致条件下,即每公顷含氮量为72 kg时,1 a生、2 a生防风肥料施用量分别为P2O5124 kg/hm2和K2O 46 kg/hm2、P2O5124 kg/hm2和K2O 92 kg/hm2,可获得成本低、优质高产防风,对于农业生产实践具有指导意义。

In order to study the effect of different proportions of phosphate and potash fertilizer on the content of active components of annual and biennial Saposhnikovia divaricata,the field experiment was used to determine the annual and biennial Saposhnikovia divaricata dry weight of root,and the content of Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4′-O-β-d-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol were determined by HPLC.When the annual treatment was P2O5124 kg/hm2 and K2O 46 kg/hm2,and the biennial treatment was P2O5186 kg/hm2 and K2O 92 kg/hm2,the Saposhnikovia divaricata dry weight of root reached the maximum value.When P2O5124 kg/hm2 and K2O 46 kg/hm2 were applied in the annual treatment,and P2O5124 kg/hm2 and K2O 92 kg/hm2 were applied in the biennial treatment,the total content of Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin and 4′-O-β-d-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisammino in annual and biennial Saposhnikovia divaricata were the highest.Potassium fertilizer had significant effect on the dry weight of annual and biennial roots.P2O5124 kg/hm2 is the most suitable phosphorus fertilizer for the accumulation of effective components in the Saposhnikovia divaricata.The application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in a certain range can promote the growth of Saposhnikovia divaricata,which is conducive to the accumulation of the content of PrimOglucosylcimifugin and 4′-O-β-d-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol.Comprehensively considering the yield and quality,when the nitrogen content per hectare is 72 kg,the application of P2O5124 kg/hm2 and K2O 46 kg/hm2 in annual treatment and the application of P2O5124 kg/hm2 and K2O 92 kg/hm2 in biennial treatment can produce Saposhnikovia divaricata with low cost and high quality,which has the guiding significance for agricultural production practice.