基于破碎站卸料臂结构的优化设计

Based on the Optimal Design of Unloading Arm Structure of Crushing Station

破碎站作为最为重要的露天煤矿开采机械设备之一,其性能直接影响到作业效率与安全性。鉴于我国大型破碎站卸料臂作业安全系数低,不适合恶劣环境作业等诸多问题,研究在分析卸料臂几何结构特征的基础上,通过模型建立的方式,对三种典型力学行为条件下卸料臂结构的力学特征进行仿真分析,从而实现破碎站卸料臂的结构优化,提升机械设备的安全系数与承载力。仿真实验结果显示,原卸料臂的工字型截面在外界因素作用下极易产生变形,造成结构稳定性欠缺,致使作业安全系数降低,可见原结构并不适用于高寒等特殊作业环境。通过进一步研究显示,原卸料臂结构端处横梁截面应更改为箱型结构,数值模拟结果表明在高寒大风等恶劣环境下卸料臂结构的承载能力相较于原设计有着明显提高。

As one of the most important opencast coal mining machinery and equipment,the performance of crushing station directly affects the efficiency and safety of operation.Given China's large crushing station unloading arm operation safety coefficient is low,not suitable for bad environment,and many other issues,the study on the analysis of unloading arm,on the basis of geometric structure characteristics,through the way of model establishment,on the mechanical behavior under the conditions of three typical simulation analysis was made on the mechanical characteristics of unloading arm structure,so as to realize the structure optimization of the crushing station unloading arm,improve safety coefficient and bearing capacity of the equipment.The results of the simulation experiment show that the i-shaped section of the original unloading arm is prone to deformation under the action of external factors,resulting in the lack of structural stability and the reduction of operation safety factor.Therefore,it can be seen that the original structure is not suitable for the special operating environment such as high temperature.Further research shows that the cross section at the end of the original unloading arm structure should be changed to a box structure,and the numerical simulation results show that the loading capacity of the unloading arm structure is significantly improved compared with the original design under severe conditions such as high temperature and strong wind.