个体化健康教育对学龄期哮喘患儿自我管理能力和生活质量的影响

Effects of Individualized Health Education on Self-management Ability and Quality of Life in School-age Children with Asthma

目的:探讨个体化健康教育对学龄期哮喘患儿自我管理能力及生活质量的影响。方法:回顾性分析76例学龄期哮喘患儿的临床资料,接收常规知识宣传的为对照组,开展个体化健康教育的为观察组,比较2组实施个体化健康教育前后自我管理能力评分、生活质量评分及住院时间。结果:健康教育前2组日常生活管理、社会心理管理及疾病医学管理评分差异无统计学意义;健康教育后,与对照组比较,观察组日常生活管理评分[(32.15±7.54)vs(24.36±5.32)分]、社会心理管理评分[(40.26±6.35)vs(34.12±4.51)分]及疾病医学管理评分[(85.16±14.67)vs(74.95±12.54)分]高于对照组(P<0.05);住院时间[(4.27±2.39)vs(8.29±3.41) d]短于对照组(P<0.05);观察组生理职能、生理功能、情感职能、社会功能、躯体疼痛、精神健康、活力及总体健康评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:个体化健康教育可提高学龄期哮喘患儿自身自我管理能力及日常生活质量,缩短住院时间。

Objective: To investigate the effect of individualized health education on self-management ability and quality of life of school-aged children with asthma. Methods: Seventy-six school-age children with asthma were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the numerical table method, with 38 cases in each group. The control group received general health education,and the observation group carried out individualized health education. Scores of self-management ability and quality of life, average hospital stay for the two groups were analysed. Results: Before health education, there was no significant difference in the scores of daily life management, psychosocial management and disease medical management between the two groups. After the health education, the scores of daily living(32.15±7.54 vs 24.36±5.32)、psychosocial management(40.26±6.35 vs 34.12±4.51) and medical management of disease(85.16±14.6 vs 74.95±12.54) of the observation group was higher than control group. The length of average hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05). The physical function, physiological function, emotional function, social function, physical pain, mental health, vitality, and overall health score of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: Individualized health education for school-aged children with asthma could improve their self-management ability and quality of daily life. At the same time, its also shorten the length of hospitalization.