“必然”事实与“应然”价值:职业教育治理现代化价值定位、有机条件与实现路径

“Inevitable” Facts and “Should Be” Values: Value Orientation, Organic Conditions and Realization Paths of Vocational Education Governance Modernization

职业教育是社会现代化进程的强力助推器。职业教育治理现代化是社会现代化进程的一部分。职业教育治理现代化不仅是一个客观事实,更是一种价值判断、选择与追求。职业技术教育治理价值问题,就是职业教育治理对当今社会与人的发展效用和意义问题。职业教育治理价值取向的选择与应用直接影响着职业教育治理行为。所以,应对职业技术教育价值取向进行合理定位。从满足职业教育治理价值主体需要层面看,职业教育治理现代化发展应该具有底线价值和最高价值。其底线价值是提高职业教育治理效率,构建当今职业教育治理体系新制度、新秩序,其最高价值是促进职业教育微观公平,从"共治"走向"善治"。职业教育治理体系现代化演进需要满足三种条件,即法治化与民主化相结合、国际化与本土化相适应、信息化与科技化专业化相融合,三者缺一不可。为了实现职业教育的最高目标,应积极探索如构建现代职业教育治理共同体、建立合作博弈机制、完善职业教育治理现代化的国家政策、落实政策的保障机制、规范职业教育治理现代化的制度文化、完善制度文化的实施机制等多种职业教育治理现代化的实践路径,进而促进教育现代化的总体进程。

Vocational education is a powerful booster for the process of social modernization.Vocational education governance modernization is part of the process of social modernization. The modernization of vocational education governance is not only an objective fact, but also a value judgment, choice and pursuit. The issue of the value of vocational and technical education governance is the issue of the effectiveness and significance of vocational education and governance for today’s society and people. The choice and application of vocational education governance value orientation directly affects vocational education governance behavior. Therefore, we should properly position the value orientation of vocational and technical education. From the perspective of meeting the needs of vocational education governance value subjects, the modernization of vocational education governance should have minimum value and maximum value. Its minimum value is to improve the efficiency of vocational education governance, and to build a new system and new order in today’s vocational education governance system. Its maximum value is to promote the micro-fairness of vocational education, from"co-governance"to"good governance". The modernization of the vocational education governance system needs to meet three conditions, namely, the combination of rule of law and democratization, the adaptation of internationalization and localization, the integration of informationization, technology, and specialization. All three are indispensable. In order to achieve the highest goals of vocational education, we should actively explore, for example, the establishment of a modern vocational education governance community and the establishment of cooperative game mechanisms;improve the national policy of modernization of vocational education governance and implement the policy guarantee mechanism;standardize the system culture of modernization of vocational education governance and improve various implementation paths of vocational education governance modernization, such as the implementation mechanism of culture, so as to promote the overall process of education modernization.