新自由主义治理性视角下的全球化教育改革运动

The Analysis of Global Education Reform Movement in the Perspective of Neoliberal Governmentality

美国操作一些国际金融机构对国际社会放送国际竞争力话语,以凸显教育问题作为一种危及社会前景的社会风险,并运用效能之名吹捧商业解决方案的功用。此种情境开启政策网络,使得商业、慈善、社会机构等构成混杂性科层统治方式,政府得以远离责任,但又通过设定标准与目标进行远程操控。同时,资本家得以介入教育决策,将教育服务商业化。其创新性的集体智慧被吹嘘成确保社会繁荣的万灵丹,这种社会贡献等同于实践社会的道德责任,慈善更进一步美化这些商业团体的利益行径。由此而言,效能是全球化教育改革运动的催化剂,市场逻辑是构成社会新思维的媒介,这促使许多政府运用效能、国际竞争力、创新性集体智慧与社会前景等话语,来塑造社会大众的自我知识,从而获得大众对这些话语的主动认可甚至支持。这种社会治疗学是统治艺术的实践,因为它引导他们如何思考与如何行动,这是新自由主义治理性的明显特征。

American government has devoted itself to exporting the discourse of international competitiveness to the international community through international financial institutes.This attempt is to highlight education problems as a kind of social risk that undermines social prospect,and to exaggerate the function of commercial solution under the name of‘efficiency’.This approach creates policy networks that interlinks a variety of bodies,such as business,philanthropy and social organizations.While this heterarchical governance alleviates governmental public obligation,the government can exercise the tactic of steering at a distance via setting criteria and targets.This governance also permits capitalists to transform education service into educational business because their innovative collective intelligent are promoted as the necessary conduits boosting social development.When this social contribution is defined as the practice of normal responsibility and their profit intention is covered by philanthropy,capitalists acquire a legitimate status to commercialize education service.In this respect,efficiency is the core catalyst engendering the global education reform movement.The logic of market serves as a medium constituting a new social value that stimulates many governments to adopt social discourses,such as efficiency,international competitiveness,innovative collective intelligence and social prospect,to reshape people’s self-knowledge that leads to their active recognition and support.Such a social therapeutics is to exert the art of governance because it teaches people how to think and how to act.This is one of significant features of neoliberalism governmentality.