法国主流媒体生产的中国“异者”形象——以《世界报》和《费加罗报》(2012-2016)为例

The Manufacturing of China’s“Stranger” Image in France’s Mainstream Media:The Case of Le Monde and Le Figaro(2012-2016)

本文通过定量和定性分析认为,2012-2016年期间,以《世界报》和《费加罗报》为代表的法国主流媒体就中国实质上生产了一个日益负面的"异者"形象。中国被框定为一个内部危机四伏、对外奉行扩张主义的威权主义国家,"中国崩溃论"和"中国威胁论"联袂登场。中国"异者"形象的生产和再生产存在结构性动因,即法国媒体及其参与者通过生产和再生产西方中心主义视野下的特定中国叙事,捍卫法兰西例外主义和西方中心主义身份认同、生活方式、价值观的支配性地位以及法国国家利益。同时,也存在周期性动因,即中国政府在内政外交层面遭遇的挑战。

Through both quantitative and qualitative analysis,this paper argues that over the 2012-2016 period,French mainstream media outlets,as represented by Le Monde and Le Figaro,substantially manufactured an alienating"stranger"image of China,as the latter had come to be increasingly portrayed as an internally crisis-ridden and externally aggressive and expansionist authoritarian regime.Both the China Collapse thesis and the China Threat thesis regained traction.The manufacturing of such a"stranger"image was animated by a structural driver,namely,the defense by French media and their members of the French exceptionalism and the predominance of Westerncentric identity and ways of life and values as well as French national interest.Also at work was a set of cyclical drivers,namely the major challenges or initiatives confronted or pursued by the Chinese government during the same period on the fronts of domestic and foreign policies.