长江经济带农业水资源利用效率时空差异分析

Spatial-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of agricultural water resource use efficiency in Yangtze River Economic Belt

长江经济带水资源总量充沛,但人均水资源量以及单位面积耕地占有量处于较低水平;农业用水量超过供水总量的50%,而农业水资源利用效率低。研究长江经济带农业水资源利用效率对保护长江具有重要的现实意义。基于Malmquist-Panel Data两阶段模型,对长江经济带农业水资源利用效率的时空差异特征及其影响因素进行了分析研究。分析结果表明:经济发展水平、第一产业固定资产投资额、水资源禀赋、节水农业发展水平、"长江经济带"国家战略的实施、区域变量以及部分时间变量等对农业水资源利用效率具有显著的正向影响,而种植结构即粮食播种面积占比则有着显著的负向影响;长江经济带农业水资源利用效率时空差异特征明显。因此,对于长江经济带,应因地制宜、合理规划农作物种植结构;同时,加强地区间的技术交流与合作,实现长江经济带整体发展与各区域特色发展协同共进。

Although water resource of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is abundant, the per capita water resource and the per capita cultivated land are limited. Agricultural water resource use accounts for over 50% of the total water supply, with a low efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial to study agricultural water resource use efficiency in Yangtze River Economic Belt. In this paper, the spatial-temporal differentiation and influencing factors of agricultural water resource use efficiency in Yangtze River Economic Belt was analyzed based on the two-step model of Malmquist panel data. The results showed that the agricultural water resource use efficiency is positively affected by the following factors: the social and economic development, the fixed assets investment of primary industry, the water resource endowment, agricultural water-saving development level, implementation strategies for Yangtze River Economic Belt,regional variables and some time variables. However, the agricultural water resource use efficiency is negatively affected by the cropping pattern. The significant characteristics of spatial-temporal differentiation of agricultural water resource use efficiency in Yangtze River Economic Belt were presented in this paper. At last we suggest that development efforts should be made in light of local conditions, with rational planning of cropping pattern in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Meanwhile, we should increase exchange and cooperation on technology to promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and other regions.