豫北晋语元音卷舌式儿化的非同步发展

The Asynchronous Development of Retroflex-R Suffixation in Jin Dialects in Northern He nan Province

豫北晋语中的元音卷舌式儿化尚处于形成阶段。儿化过程中,部分方言存在儿尾、长音节、特殊单音节并存或长音节、特殊单音节[上]、特殊单音节[下]并存的多阶段渐进演变情形;儿化音变后,部分方言因尚未经过系统整合而存在多种音形并立的状况:部分方言同一单字韵的儿化韵不同;少数方言部分韵母的儿化韵以开齐合撮、洪细或声母为条件非同步发展;还有一些方言个别韵母的儿化韵特立独行。这些不平衡现象在汉语方言中极为少见。它们在共时平面上的非同步发展,展现出了儿化音变的历时变化过程。

The Retroflex-vowel in the Jin dialects in northern He nan is still in the formative stage.In the process of retroflexion,the phenomenon of gradual evolution at multi stages exists and the er-suffix,long syllables and special monosyllables or long syllables,special monosyllables(1)and special monosyllables(2)coexist in some dialects.After the retroflexion,because some dialects are not systematically integrated,multiple phonetic shapes coexist with each other:the same final of some characters has different retroflexed forms in some dialects;the retroflexed forms of some finals in a few dialects develop asynchronously on the condition of theirs sihu(四呼),big vs.small aperture(洪细)or the initials,and the retroflexed form of very few finals is unique in some dialects.Such imbalances are extremely rare in Chinese dialects.Their non-synchronous development on the synchronic plane shows the diachronic changing process of the retroflexed suffixation.