自噬在妊娠期糖尿病中的作用

Role of autophagy in gestational diabetes mellitus

自噬广泛存在于机体细胞中,能够保护细胞,维持正常的细胞功能和组织结构。过度自噬会引起细胞死亡,导致组织出现病理性损伤。胎盘通过自噬维持正常生理功能。在妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的胎盘中,高血糖能够诱导滋养细胞过度自噬,抑制胎盘血管生成,导致组织缺血、缺氧及细胞活性氧水平升高,出现胎盘功能障碍,增加早产、巨大儿等不良妊娠结局的发生风险。

Autophagy is the process by which cells remove unnecessary or damaged cells or parts of cells,to allow for their orderly renewal.It occurs commonly in body cells,and is considered as a protection for cells and maintaining normal function and tissue structure in cells,such as human placental tissues.However,excessive autophagy can lead to cell death and pathological damage in tissue.An excessive autophagy response to hyperglycemia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus inhibits angiogenesis in the placenta,resulting in tissue ischemia and hypoxia,increased level of reactive oxygen species,and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.