美国俄亥俄州普职教育分流过程性指导研究

Study on Process Guidance on the Stratification of General and Vocational Education in Ohio State from the Perspective of Self-Awareness

认识自我是哲学基本命题与教育回归人之本性的双向统一,有利于实现自我价值与社会价值的有效结合。美国俄亥俄州普职教育分流体制的过程体现了人本主义思想的自我认知在教育领域的重要发挥。其在理论上开设的由低级至高级的系统生涯规划课程,~①实践上设置的系统的职业教育课程,同时融合家庭、学校和社区多方相结合的普职教育分流过程性指导,在实践中不自觉地使用了马克思主义"劳动实践"的方法,实现了"人本主义"思想的复归。俄亥俄州建立于自我认知基础上的过程性指导对解决我国普职教育分流过程中学生主观能动性缺乏、系统性普职教育分流指导性课程设计缺失及普职教育融合贯通体系的构建等问题极具借鉴价值。

Self-awareness is the unification of the basic proposition of philosophy and the return to humanity of education,which facilitates the combination of the self-worth and social value.The stratification of general and vocational education in Ohio State embodies the function of self-awareness,which is under the influence of humanism.The systematic career planning courses at different levels match with the systematic vocational education courses,with the process guidance of the stratification of general and vocational education,which integrates the functions of family,school and community.The method of Marx’s labor practice is unconsciously applied to realize the return to humanism.The process guidance based on self-awareness is of great significance to solve the problems such as the lack of students’subjective initiative,systematic course design and the integration system of general and vocational education.