野蛮与文明:金国牵羊献俘礼管窥

Barbarism and Civilization: A Glimpse of the Jin Guo’s Rites for Leading Sheep

献俘礼是中国历史上独特的礼文化现象,在南宋"靖康之变"中,徽钦二帝肉袒牵羊以降的史事详载于稗官之野史,印证于流金文人之诗作。其礼之面貌及渊源至今尚未有定论。从文化及仪式入手,经过研究发现,牵羊献俘礼以金文化为基础,滥觞于商周以俘为牲,成型于靖康之际牵羊以降,反映了金国初期对中原文明的借鉴与创新;礼文化兼收并蓄,博大精深,军礼系统中的投降礼与献俘礼相辅相成。通过对金国献俘礼的研究,可窥探其背后丰富的文化信息。

The ceremony of offering prisoners is a unique ritual culture phenomenon in Chinese history. Poetry. The appearance and origin of its etiquette have not yet been finalized. Starting from culture and rituals, after research, it was found that the ceremony of leading sheep to offer prisoners was based on the golden culture, which started in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties,who took prisoners as animals. Formed during the process of surrendering sheep in Jing kang period.Innovation of the ritual culture is eclectic, broad and profound, and the surrender ritual in the military ritual system complements the ceremony of offering prisoners. Through the study of Jin Guo’s etiquette of giving prisoners, one can peek into the rich cultural information behind it.