原花青素生理功能及其与肠道微生物相互作用的研究进展

Physiological Functions and Interactions with Gut Microbiota of Proanthocyanidins

近年来,以原花青素(proanthocyanidins,PACs)为代表的一大类天然来源的多酚化合物,被证实兼有抗氧化、抗菌抗炎、抗肿瘤和防控心血管疾病及代谢综合征等生理功能,在人类健康防控中发挥重要作用。生物利用度不佳是阻碍PACs广泛应用的关键问题,亟待解决。虽然PACs与微生物相互作用的研究尚不多见,但已有研究指出肠道微生物表现出促进PACs分解代谢、提高其生物活性、改善生物利用度等积极作用,且PACs可促进肠道有益菌生长、抑制肠道有害菌而发挥出良好的肠道菌群的调节作用。二者间的双向调节作用也在各类常见代谢疾病中表现出潜在应用价值,研究前景良好。本文旨在比较PACs与花青素的异同点、归纳PACs的生理功能、综述其与肠道微生物尤其是乳酸菌、双歧杆菌等的相互作用,以期为人体健康潜在影响物质的研究提供理论参考。

In recent years,a broad class of naturalpolyphenol compounds represented by proanthocyanidins(PACs)are increasingly used for their physiological functions such as anti-oxidation,anti-bacterial,anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor and control cardiovascular diseases and its metabolic syndrome,which also proves that plays an important role in the prevention and control of human health.Poor bioavailability is a key problem hindering the application of PACs,which needs to be solved urgently.Studies on the interaction between PACs and gut microbiota are rare,while existing studies indicate that intestinal microorganisms shows positive effects on PACs,such as increasing their biological activity,promoting catabolism,and improving bioavailability.Besides that,PACs promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestine and inhibits the harmful bacteria.The two-way regulation between procyanidins and intestinal microorganisms also shows potential application value in various common metabolic diseases,therefore the research prospects are promising.This paper aims to compare the similarities and differences between the PACs and anthocyanins,summarize the physiological functions of PACs,and review reciprocal interactions with gut microbes,especially lactic acid bacteria,bifidobacteria,which would provide a theoretical reference for the interaction between them and their potential effects on human health.