临床实习护生心理压力源相关因素及自我效能的应用研究

Applied Research on Psychological Stress Sources and Self-efficacy of Nursing Students in Clinical Practice

目的探讨护生心理压力源的相关因素及自我效能的应用。方法随机抽样选取2018年7月—2019年4月青岛市某三甲医院144名护生,采用相应量表调查其心理压力、焦虑水平及自我效能感;选取有代表性的10名护生行半结构式深入访谈,进一步了解其心理压力源的相关因素。结果护生实习压力量表表明护理传染性疾病患者、针刺伤、患者病情急剧变化或死亡时医护人员不在场是护生心理压力源的主要因素;焦虑自评量表得分(51.68±11.48)分,提示轻度焦虑;自我效能感总分(2.44±0.46)分,低于常模。质性研究结果表明护生心理压力源主要体现在实习工作、职业前景及人际关系。结论护生心理压力导致其焦虑且自我效能感低。相关人员应及时了解护生心理压力源,采取措施消除其心理压力,使之平稳度过实习期。

Objective To explore the related factors of psychological stressors of nursing students and the application of self-efficacy.Methods A random sample of 144 nursing students from a top three hospital in Qingdao,from July 2018 to April 2019 was used to investigate their psychological stress,anxiety level and self-efficacy using corresponding scales.A representative 10 nursing students were selected for a semi-structured in-depth interview to learn more about the relevant factors of their psychological stressors.Results The nursing student practice pressure scale showed that nursing infectious diseases patients,acupuncture injuries,sudden changes in the patient's condition,or the absence of medical staff at the time of death were the main factors of the psychological stressors of the nursing students;the self-rating anxiety scale scored(51.68±11.48)points,suggesting mild anxiety;the total score of self-efficacy was(2.44±0.46)points,which was lower than the norm.The qualitative research results show that the psychological stressors of nursing students are mainly reflected in internship,career prospects and interpersonal relationships.Conclusion Nursing students'psychological stress leads to anxiety and low self-efficacy.Relevant personnel should understand the psychological stressors of nursing students in time,take measures to eliminate their psychological stress,and make them pass the internship period smoothly.