《诗经·雄雉》题旨考辨

Brief Analysis of the Theme of Book of Songs Xiong Zhi

《诗经·雄雉》的题旨历来众说纷纭,素有“刺卫宣公”说、“思妇怀人”说、“朋友互勉”说,难有定论。学者争论的焦点在于首章“雄雉”比兴之含义和末章是否为诗人之义。然对全诗文义进行梳理,联系“雉”在《诗经》中的使用,考索“雉”的文化义涵,得知雉之指向为远役丈夫。将“雄雉”起兴句式同《诗经》其他篇章对比,发现“雄雉”起兴具有婚恋、思念意义,最后考辨《雄雉》末章教化语非诗人之义,可知《雄雉》当为思妇怀人之辞。

The theme of the Book of Songs Xiong Zhi is controversial,mainly including“To satirical Xuangong”,“Woman misses husband”and“Friends exhorting each other”。The poets of the past dynasties have either said this or made new ideas,which is difficult to conclude.The focus of controversy among scholars over the ages lies in the meaning of the first chapter“Xiong Zhi”and whether the last chapter reflects the poet’s own attitude.By examining the meaning of Zhi folklore,we know that Zhi symbolizes the husband.Comparing the“Xiong Zhi”sentence patterns with other chapters in the Book of Songs,it is found that the“Xiong Zhi”has the meaning of marriage and love and that the author’s words in the final chapter of“Xiong Zhi”are not the meaning of the poet.We can see the main theme of“Xiong Zhi”.