基于FPGA的自定义CPU架构设计

Design of custom CPU architecture based on FPGA

为满足当前工业应用下越来越多的分布式计算的需求,提出了一种在FPGA芯片中构建自定义指令集的CPU的方式,以此来使FPGA具有类似于单片机的处理指令的能力。并且,这种能力的前提是复用计算单元,因此资源消耗有限,不会随着计算量的增加而增大。在自定义指令集CPU的改进型架构中,使用了并行计算的结构,使得运算速度大幅提升。最后,结合实际应用案例,移植电流环计算中的FOC算法到自定义CPU中运算。并用ModelSim软件进行仿真,测试其计算时间仅需7.48μs。

In order to meet the needs of more and more distributed computing in current industrial applications,this article proposes a way to build a custom instruction set CPU in an FPGA chip.In this way,the FPGA has the ability to process instructions similar to a microcontroller.Moreover,the premise of this capability is the reuse of computing units,so resource consumption is limited and will not increase as the amount of calculation increases.In the improved architecture of the custom instruction set CPU,a parallel computing structure is used,which greatly improves the operation speed.Finally,combining the actual application case,the FOC algorithm in the current loop calculation is transplanted to the operation in the custom CPU.And ModelSim software is used to simulate,its calculation time is only 7.48μs.