上海市健康教育专职人员职业倦怠情况现况调查

A Survey of Job Burnout of Health Education Professionals in Shanghai

目的了解上海市健康教育与健康促进专职人员的职业倦怠的水平,为促进健康教育人员队伍的良性建设 提升健康教育服务水平提供科学依据。方法通过问卷星,使用通用职业倦怠问卷(Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey,MBI-GS)中文版对上海市市、区两级健康教育专业机构的所有在编健康教育专职工作人员进行调查。结果203名健康教育专业人中,60.10%的有轻、中度职业倦怠(122/203),8.37%的有重度职业倦怠(17/203)。职业倦怠程度均分为(2.05±1.12)分,其中,情绪耗竭维度为(2.07±1.38)分,人格解体维度为(1.30±1.19),低成就感维度为(2.07±1.54)分。新闻传播专业背景人员的情绪耗竭得分高于其他专业背景的人员,初级职称人员的情绪耗竭得分高于高级、中级和其他或无职称人员;31~35岁和36~40岁人员的人格解体得分显著高于41岁及以上人员;硕士及以上人员的低成就感得分明显高于本科和大专及以下学历者。结论上海市健康教育与健康促进专职人员的职业倦怠情况比较严重。应根据员工的职业特征和职业倦怠状况,利用自身的健康教育、健康促进、健康科普专业技能强的机构优势,提出有针对性的缓解措施,从而提高整个健康教育机构的效能。

Objective To understand the level of job burnout of full-time health education and health promotion personnel in Shanghai,and to provide scientific basis for promoting the healthy construction of health education personnel and improving the service level of health education.Methods Through the questionnaire star,the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS)was used to investigate all the full-time health education staff in Shanghai municipal and district health education institutions.Results Among the 203 health education professionals,60.10%had mild or moderate job burnout(122/203),and 8.37%had severe job burnout(17/203).The average score of job burnout was(2.05±1.12),including(2.07±1.38)for emotional exhaustion,(1.30±1.19)for depersonalization,and(2.07±1.54)for reduced personal accomplishment.The score of emotional exhaustion of the personnel with the background of journalism and communication was higher than those of the personnel with other professional background,and the score of emotional exhaustion of the personnel with junior professional title was higher than those of the personnel with senior,intermediate and other or no professional title;the score of depersonalization of the personnel aged 31-35 and 36-40 were significantly higher than that of the personnel aged 41 or above;the score of reduced personal accomplishment of the personnel with master’s degree or above was significantly higher than those of the personnel with undergraduate and junior college degree or below.Conclusion In order to improve the efficiency of the whole health education institution,using its own advantages in health education,health promotion and health science popularization,the targeted mitigation measures should been put forward according to the occupational characteristics and burnout of employees.