从研究风景园林“怎么教”转向“怎么学”——兼谈风景园林大学生的入学适应

Transformation of LA Education Research Perspective from "How to Teach" to "How to Learn" ——Dissucsion on Adaptation of College Students of Landscape Architecture

在风景园林教育研究领域,从研究"怎么教"到研究"怎么学"是一次研究视角的转换。本文倡导在风景园林教育中引入质性研究的方法。根据建构主义学习理论,风景园林大学生应努力做到三点:一是优化自身学习环境,促进其建构知识和能力;二是组建学习共同体,促进知识和能力的社会协商;三是参与实践,进行意义的建构。风景园林专业大学新生的"形象思维、艺术审美"有较大差别,部分新生出现专业学习不适应的情况,有"挫败感"和"迷茫"等本土概念。其原因在于"不知道为什么要学这些东西""好坏没有标准"和"形象思维的欠缺"等。

The research field of LA education is experiencing a transformation of research perspective from"how to teach"to"how to learn".The qualitative research method is introduced into researches.According to the constructivistic learning theory,the LA major students shall try to:1.optimize their own learning environments and construct their knowledge and capabilities better;2.organize a learning community to accumulate knowledge and capa In the stage of college life adaption,there are great differences in freshman’s visual thinking ability and art aesthetic ability.Part of the college freshmen can’t get adapted into the specialty learning,resulting in frustrations and confusions as what the students say.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows:some of the students don’t know why they need to learn those courses;teachers don’t have judging standards for the school assignments;some of the students are not good at visual thinking.To solve this problem,we can let the students learn step by step or help them seek for enlightening guide actively.