糖尿病黄斑水肿的治疗现状

Study on the Current Status and Progress of Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema

激光光凝是治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的常用方法,但会损伤视网膜结构,发生不良事件;糖皮质激素类药物可减轻炎症反应,但可能导致眼压升高,影响视网膜血流;抗血管内皮生长因子可一定程度减轻黄斑水肿,但需长期用药;而手术治疗效果不一,对术者操作经验要求较高,应根据具体情况选择手术方式,没有研究证明手术疗效优于激光光凝。药物治疗、手术治疗、激光光凝治疗等均可有效治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿,但效果不同,应根据患者具体情况选择合适的治疗方法。

Laser photocoagulation is a common method for the treatment of diabetic macular edema,but it could damage the structure of retina and have adverse reactions;glucocorticoids can reduce the inflammatory reaction,but it may lead to the increase of intraocular pressure and affect the blood flow of retina;anti vascular endothelial growth factor drugs can reduce macular edema to a certain extent,but they need to be used for a long time;however,the effects of surgical treatment is different,and the rich operation experience of the operator is needed.The operation method should be selected according to the specific situation.There is no study to prove that the effects of operation is better than laser photocoagulation.Drug therapy,surgery therapy,laser photocoagulation etc.can effectively treat diabetic macular edema,but the effect is different,so we should choose the appropriate treatment according to the specific situation of patients.