西北部少数民族地区城市扩展特征分析--以呼和浩特市为例

Analysis of urban expansion in northwest minority areas --a case study of Hohhot city

针对西北部少数民族地区城市扩展定量信息缺乏的问题,该文选取1997-2017年Landsat遥感影像为数据源,以呼和浩特市为例,开展遥感监测。以城市扩展速度、扩展强度、扩展变化度和面积变化度作为指标,剖析呼和浩特市城市扩展的时空特征,耦合自然、人口、经济和政策等多方面因素,探讨西北部少数民族地区城市扩展的主要驱动力。结果表明:①近20年来,呼和浩特市城市扩展先后经历了一个中速扩展阶段、两个快速扩展阶段和一个高速扩展阶段,扩展速度稳步加快;②呼和浩特市城市扩展以东西方向为主轴线,城市扩展整体呈现核心-轴线延伸扩展模式;③自然条件限制和人口快速增长是西北部少数民族地区城市扩展的主要驱动因素,而经济和政策规划对扩展导向的影响正在逐步增强。

Aiming at the problem of lack of quantitative information for urban expansion in the northwest minority areas of China,Landsat remote sensing images from 1997 to 2017 were selected as data sources and Hohhot was taken as an example to carry out remote sensing monitoring of urban expansion in northwest minority areas. Taking the speed,intensity,degree of variation and area change of urban expansion as indicators,this paper analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban expansion in Hohhot,coupled with natural factors,population,economy and policy,etc. The main driving force of urban expansion in northwest minority areas was discussed. The results showed that:①in the past 20 years,the urban expansion of Hohhot had experienced a medium speed expansion stage,two rapid expansion stages and a high speed expansion stage. ②The urban expansion of Hohhot took the east-west direction as the main axis,urban expansion as a whole presents the core-axis extension model. ③The restriction of natural conditions and rapid population growth were the main driving factors of urban expansion in northwest minority areas,and the influence of economic and policy planning on the orientation of urban expansion was gradually increasing.