浙江省宁波市登革热暴发疫情媒介伊蚊控制措施效果分析

Effects of vector control in dengue fever outbreak response in Ningbo,Zhejiang province,China

目的对宁波市城区登革热暴发疫情监测数据进行分析,比较3种媒介控制方法对伊蚊成蚊密度及布雷图指数(BI)的控制效果,为制定当地登革热应急处置措施提供依据。方法采用超低容量喷雾、热烟雾剂、滞留喷洒、缓释剂及环境整治联合防制方法控制蚊虫,其中措施1为超低容量喷雾、热烟雾剂、缓释剂及环境整治联合防制方法,措施2为超低容量喷雾、滞留喷洒、缓释剂及环境整治联合防制方法,措施3为超低容量喷雾、热烟雾剂、滞留喷洒、缓释剂及环境整治联合防制方法,比较3种控制措施伊蚊帐诱指数下降率及其BI控制效果。帐诱指数下降率采用方差分析或秩和检验分析;BI控制效果采用曲线拟合分析。结果3种控制措施帐诱指数第1天、第2天下降率依次分别为0.24±0.41、0.20±0.64、0.47±0.17和0.27±0.27、0.55±0.27、0.47±0.39,差异无统计学意义(F=1.659,P=0.206;F=2.236,P=0.123),第3天下降率分别为0.31±0.57、0.44±0.46和0.77±0.27,差异有统计学意义(F=3.397,P=0.046),以措施3帐诱指数下降率最高(0.77±0.27);3种控制措施下BI下降到安全阈值(BI<5)所用时间分别为3.58、3.36和2.62 d,BI下降到5以措施3所用时间最短。结论超低容量喷雾、热烟雾剂、滞留喷洒、缓释剂及环境整治联合防制在本次登革热应急控制中效果较好。

Objective To analyze the Aedes surveillance data of dengue fever outbreak in urban Ningbo,Zhejiang province,China,and compare the effects of three vector control measure packages on the density of adult Aedes mosquitoes and Breteau index(BI),and to provide a basis for formulating emergency management of dengue in the locality.Methods Three different comprehensive measure packages were used to control mosquitoes:measure package 1 included ultra-lowvolume spraying,thermal fogging,slow-release agent,and environmental management;measure package 2 included ultralow-volume spraying,residual spraying,slow-release agent,and environmental management;measure package 3 combined the 5 methods mentioned in measure package 1 and 2.The decline rate with net trap index and control effect with BI were compared between the 3 measure packages using ANOVA or rank sum test and curve fitting,respectively.Results There were no significant differences in the decline rate with net trap index between the 3 measure packages on the first day(0.24±0.41,0.20±0.64,0.47±0.17;F=1.659,P=0.206)and second day(0.27±0.27,0.55±0.27,0.47±0.39;F=2.236,P=0.123);significant difference was found on the third day(0.31±0.57,0.44±0.46,0.77±0.27;F=3.397,P=0.046),and measure package 3 showed the highest decline rate.Time to safety threshold of BI(decrease to less than 5)for the 3 measure packages were 3.58,3.36,and 2.62 d,respectively,with the shortest time for measure package 3.Conclusion Combination of ultra-low-volume spraying,thermal fogging,residual spraying,slow-release agent,and environmental management works for Aedes control in the emergency response of the dengue fever outbreak.