北京市门头沟区常住居民宠物饲养及影响因素现状调查

An investigation of current pet keeping status of permanent residents in Mentougou district,Beijing,China and the influencing factors

目的调查北京市门头沟区常住居民宠物饲养现状,为制定宠物相关传染病防控策略、减少宠物伤害及人畜共患病的传播提供科学依据。方法2018年2-8月,采取分层抽样的方式,随机抽取门头沟区3个乡镇,从3个乡镇中随机抽取620户家庭,每个家庭由1人参与调查,使用自主编制的问卷开展调查。宠物饲养现状采用描述性分析方法,SPSS 22.0软件用于数据分析,率的比较采用χ^2检验。结果共收回有效问卷596份,总有效率为96.13%。212个家庭中饲养宠物,占全部调查家庭的35.57%。其中养犬107人,占17.95%;养猫64人,占10.74%;同时饲养多种宠物的占8.05%。平房住户比楼房住户饲养率更高(χ^2=23.525,P<0.001),不同户籍和家中是否有5岁以下儿童饲养率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=2.296,P=0.130;χ^2=3.288,P=0.070)。养宠物的主要目的为兴趣爱好的占50.47%,61.79%被调查者处理宠物尸体会埋入野外。养犬户中犬只免疫率为76.64%,犬只登记率为57.94%。结论门头沟区宠物饲养普遍,犬只登记率和免疫率较低,需加强相关管理和宣传。

Objective To investigate the current pet keeping status of permanent residents in Mentougou district,Beijing,China,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of pet-related communicable diseases and reducing pet-related injuries and the spread of zoonoses.Methods From February to August,2018,620 households(represented by one of the family members)were randomly selected from three townships in Mentougou district using stratified sampling method.An independently designed questionnaire was used for the survey.Descriptive statistical methods were used for analysis of current pet keeping status.SPSS 22.0 software was used for data analysis.The chi-square test was used for rate comparison.Results A total of 596 valid questionnaires were collected with an overall validity rate of 96.13%.A total of 212 households kept pets,accounting for 35.57%of all households investigated.Among them,107(17.95%)households kept dogs,64(10.74%)households kept cats,and 8.05%of the households kept multiple types of pets.The pet keeping rate of residents living in bungalows was higher than living in apartment(χ^2=23.525,P<0.001),and pet keeping rate were no statistical significance between households of different household registration types and households with/without children under 5 years(χ^2=2.296,P=0.130;χ^2=3.288,P=0.070).Fifty point four seven percent of the investigated people took keeping pets mainly as a hobby,and most people would bury their pet bodies in parks or in the green field when they had to dispose of dead pets.The immunization rate of dogs was 76.64%and dog registration rate was 57.94%in households with dogs.Conclusion Pet keeping was popular in Mentougou district.The dog registration rate and immunization rate were low,making it necessary to strengthen relevant pet keeping management and propaganda campaign.