数字普惠金融、空间溢出与农村减贫

Digital Inclusive Finance,Spatial Spillover and Rural Poverty Alleviation

贫困问题是我国全面建成小康社会的障碍之一,而数字普惠金融具有广覆盖、深服务、低成本等优势,可以帮助农民实现减贫增收。利用2011~2017年中国省级面板数据构建空间杜宾模型,并设置邻接权重、地理权重、经济权重和经济地理权重四种空间关联模式,从空间维度实证检验数字普惠金融对农村贫困影响的直接效应与空间溢出效应,发现:数字普惠金融和农村贫困具有显著的空间正相关性,并且均呈现出“高—高”与“低—低”集聚的空间分布特征;数字普惠金融对农村减贫的直接效应和空间溢出效应均为负,说明数字普惠金融的发展不仅能促进本地区农村减贫,还有助于其他地区农村贫困的减缓;数字普惠金融的减贫效应主要体现在覆盖广度和使用深度两个层面。

At present,poverty is one of the obstacles to build a well-off society in an all-round way.With the advantage of wide coverage,deep service,and low cost,digital inclusive finance can help farmers reduce poverty and increase their incomes.Using the provincial panel data from 2011 to 2017 to construct the spatial Dubin model,and setting four spatial correlation models of neighboring weight,geographic weight,economic weight and economic geographic weight,this paper empirically studies the direct effect and spillover effect of digital inclusive finance on rural poverty from the spatial dimension.The research shows that both digital inclusive finance and rural poverty have significant spatial positive correlations,and they all show the spatial distribution characteristics of“high-high”and“low-low”agglomeration.Both the direct effect and the spatial spillover effect on rural poverty alleviation are negative,indicating that the development of digital inclusive finance can not only reduce the local poverty,but also help alleviate poverty in other rural areas;the poverty alleviation effect of digital inclusive finance is mainly reflected in the breadth of coverage and the depth of use.