抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情临床一线支援护士心理体验的质性研究

Qualitative study on psychological experience of front-line nurses combating COVID-19

目的:了解抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情临床一线支援护士的心理体验,旨在为临床制订相应干预措施提供建议和依据。方法:于2020年1月25—27日对参与抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎临床一线支援的10名某三级甲等医院护士应用现象学研究方法进行半结构式访谈,并采用Giorgi现象学分析方法对访谈资料进行分析。结果:本研究临床一线支援护士心理体验可归纳为3个主题,分别为负性心理体验(恐惧、担忧和疲惫)、应对突发公共卫生事件能力不足(对疾病认知不足和应急救援护理技能不足)、对抗击疫情的理性认识(使命感和信心坚定)。结论:临床一线支援护士存在不同程度的负性心理体验,应对突发公共卫生事件能力不足,医院应加强对临床一线支援护士的心理援助和人文关怀,推进应急灾害救援护理培训,提升医院应急管理能力与水平,保障救援工作高效进行。

Objective To explore the psychological experience of front-line nurses combating the COVID-19 epidemic and provide suggestions and evidence for clinical interventions.Methods From January 25th to 27th,2020,a semi-structured interview was conducted using phenomenological research methods on 10 front-line nurses combating COVID-19 from a ClassⅢGrade A hospital,and Giorgi phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the data.Results The psychological experience of clinical front-line nurses in this study could boil down to three themes:negative psychological experience(fear,worry,and fatigue),insufficient ability to cope with public health emergencies(insufficient awareness of disease,and insufficient emergency rescue nursing skills),and rational understanding of the fight against the epidemic(a sense of mission and confidence).Conclusions Clinical front-line nurses have different levels of negative psychological experience and lack the ability to respond to public health emergencies.Hospitals should strengthen psychological assistance and humane care for clinical front-line nurses,promote training for emergency disaster rescue nursing,improve hospital emergency management capabilities,and ensure efficient rescue work.