情绪劳动在ICU护士职业价值观与工作倦怠间的中介作用

Mediating effect of emotional labor between professional values and job burnout among ICU nurses

目的:探讨情绪劳动在ICU护士职业价值观与工作倦怠间的中介作用,为减轻ICU护士工作倦怠、调动其工作积极性提供参考。方法:采用便利抽样法,2017年6—7月选取南昌市3所综合性三级甲等医院的276名ICU护士为研究对象,使用一般资料调查问卷、护士情绪劳动量表、职业价值观量表及工作倦怠量表对其进行调查,采用结构方程模型探讨情绪劳动在职业价值观与工作倦怠间的中介效应。结果:共发放问卷276份,有效问卷249份。249名ICU护士情绪劳动条目均分为(3.55±0.45)分,职业价值观条目均分为(3.63±0.41)分,工作倦怠3个维度条目均分分别为情感耗竭(2.77±1.07)分、去人格化(1.54±1.26)分、个人成就感(3.78±1.16)分。结构方程拟合指数χ^2/df=1.155,拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.976,调整拟合优度指数(AGFI)=0.942,近似误差均方根(RMSEA)=0.027。ICU护士的职业价值观、情绪劳动均对其工作倦怠具有直接预测作用,职业价值观还以其情绪劳动为中介变量,间接影响工作倦怠。结论:护理管理者可从个体自身因素层面通过提升ICU护士的职业价值观水平、优化其情绪劳动策略选择来减轻护士的工作倦怠。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of emotional labor between professional values and job burnout among ICU nurses,and to provide a reference for reducing ICU nurses'job burnout and motivating their work enthusiasm.Methods From June to July 2017,276 ICU nurses from 3 comprehensive ClassⅢGrade A hospitals in Nanchang were selected as the subjects by convenience sampling.The General Information Questionnaire and Nurses'Emotional Labor Scale,Professional Values Scale and Job Burnout Scale were used to investigate.Structural equation model was used to explore the mediating effect of emotional labor between professional values and job burnout.Results A total of 276 questionnaires were issued and 249 valid questionnaires.The average score of the Nurses'Emotional Labor Scale of 249 ICU nurses was(3.55±0.45),the average score of the Professional Values Scale was(3.63±0.41),and the dimensions scores of the emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and personal accomplishment of the Job Burnout Scale were(2.77±1.07),(1.54±1.26),and(3.78±1.16).The structural equation fitting indexes were as follows:χ^2/df=1.155,GFI=0.976,AGFI=0.942,RMSEA=0.027.Professional values and emotional labor of ICU nurses had direct predictive effect on job burnout.Professional values also used emotional labor as an intermediary variable,which indirectly affected job burnout.Conclusions Nursing managers should pay attention to reducing the job burnout of ICU nurses by improving the level of ICU nurses'professional values and optimizing their emotional labor strategies from the individual factor level.