不同施药方式下烯啶虫胺对苹果黄蚜及非靶标昆虫的影响研究

Effects of nitenpyram on Aphis citricola and non-target insects with two application methods

【目的】为了明确不同施药方式对苹果黄蚜的防治效果及其对非靶标昆虫种群数量的影响。【方法】以常规喷雾和树干注射2种方法施药,调查烯啶虫胺药后苹果黄蚜和非靶标昆虫的田间动态变化。【结果】药后7 d内,喷雾法对苹果黄蚜的防治效果显著高于注射法,注射法第14天的防治效果与喷雾法第7天的防治效果相当,差异不显著。喷雾法对苹果黄蚜的防治效果在药后7 d达到最大值,施药后14 d内的平均防治效果为92.37%±2.58%;注射法对苹果黄蚜的防治效果在药后14 d达到最大值,施药后14 d内的平均防治效果为63.34%±2.29%;在药后14 d,注射法施药区瓢虫虫口数量极显著大于喷雾法的瓢虫虫口数量。【结论】烯啶虫胺用于防治苹果黄蚜,采用喷雾法防治效果的速效性优于注射法,注射法对非靶标昆虫保护性好,两者的持效性相当。TOPSIS综合评价认为25%烯啶虫胺可溶粉剂有效成分含量30 g ai./hm^2注射处理为最优方案。

【Objective】 In order to clarify the effects of different pesticide application modes on Aphis citricola and non-target insects.【Methods】The methodes of conventional spray and trunk injection were applied to application nitenpyram and, the population dynamics of Aphis citricola and non-target insects were investigated. 【Results】 The results showed that within 7 days after treatment, spray method had significantly higher control effect on Aphis citricola than injection method, and the control effect on the 14 th day after injection and the control effect on the 7 th day after spray were not significant. The control effect of spray method on Aphis citricola reached the maximum at 7 days after application, and the average control effect in 14 days after treatment was 92.37%±2.58%. The control effect of injection method on Aphis citricola reached the maximum at 14 days after application, and the average control effect in 14 days after treatment was 63.34%±2.29%. The number of ladybugs in trunk injection was significantly bigger than that in conventional spray 14 days after application. 【Conclusion】Nitenpyram was used to control Aphis citricola. The quick-acting effect of the spray method was better than that of the injection method, the injection method was good for protecting non-target insects, and the persistence of these two methods was equivalent. TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation showed that 25% nitenpyram soluble powder active ingredient content 30 g ai./hm^2 injection treatment was the optimal solution.