爆破漏斗成形规律数值模拟及试验研究

Numerical Simulation and Test Study on Forming Law of Blasting Crater

近年来,高地应力问题已经成为深部采矿作业中的主要问题,尤其深部高应力与岩石爆破等关系密切.以某地下铜矿为研究对象,基于浅部岩石爆破理论研究深部地应力岩石爆破规律,通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟软件对比分析条形药包和集中药包爆破漏斗成形规律及爆破漏斗体积与装药深度的关系,得出在装药深度逐渐增加的条件下,同等装药情况条形药包爆破漏斗体积增大幅度较集中药包大,且集中药包爆破漏斗体积比例系数达到最大值1.67时装药深度小于条形药包爆破漏斗体积比例系数最大值2.57时装药深度.通过在北采区水平巷道开展条形药包爆破漏斗现场试验,结果符合利文斯顿爆破漏斗理论,所得实际最佳装药深度0.9 m与模拟结果最佳装药深度1.2 m在误差允许范围内基本一致,表明采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA进行爆破漏斗模拟可对现场试验参数进行指导优化,同时,研究爆破漏斗成形规律对合理选择爆破参数、提高爆破效率具有重要意义.

The high ground stress environment is one of the problems faced by deep mining,particularly high ground stress is closely related to rock blasting in recent years.Taking a copper deposit as the study example,based on the shallow rock blasting theory,the blasting regularity of rock under deep ground stress is studied.Through the comparison analysis of linear charge and concentrated charge blasting funnel forming law with numerical simulation software ANSYS/LSDYNA and the relationship between blasting crater volume and charge depth,it is obtained that under the condition of hole depth deepening gradually,the blasting crater volume of linear charge increased amplitude is larger than concentrated charge,the hole depth when the funnel volume proportional coefficient of concentrated charge blasting reaching the maximum value 1.67 is smaller than that when the maximum value 2.57 of the funnel volume proportional coefficient of linear charge blasting.Through carrying out the linear charge blasting funnel on-site test of horizontal roadway in north mining area,the test results conform to the Livingston crater theory,actual best depth of charge is 0.9 m,which is consistent with the simulation result of 1.2m in the range of allowable error,it further shows that using soft ANSYS/LSDYNA in blasting funnel simulation can guide the field test parameters optimization.At the same time,it is of great significance to study the law of blasting funnel forming for selecting blasting parameters and improving blasting efficiency.