投書與示法:唐宋古文家論文書牘的發生語境

Posting Letters and Showing the Formula:The Contextualization of Letters on Literary Criticism by Tang and Song Guwen Masters

中唐以後,科舉風氣漸盛,社會流動日劇,爲庶族文人通過讀書改變自身命運提供了良好的機遇。作爲文類的投書與答書,成爲舉子表述其文學思想,名家展示其學文、作文路徑的重要載體形式。在行卷風氣下的投書、贄文、答書及其文本間性,不僅搭建了低位者與高位者之間的文本對話,更是探究其文學思想之展開方式的關鍵所在。而北宋文人的投以應"答",巧妙地依托"投-答"這一文類間的競爭體制,借位韓、柳,在確保文學秩序相對穩定的情況下,維繫了唐代古文思想的傳承,推進了宋代古文思想的内在批評。通過對唐宋古文家論文書牘之寫作機制的研究,可重新認識其在整個古代論文書牘發展史中的意義。

After the middle Tang Dynastyperiod,imperial examinations played a more important role in the whole society,and the increase of social mobility growing fast,offered good better opportunities to for commoners’,who could change their future fate through study. As a literary genre,letters that candidates of imperial examinations wrote and posted to great master became an important way to express theirliterary opinions. Meanwhile,reply letters back to candidates from those masters presented masters’ convey their literary views. Under the circumstance during the practice of"posting volume"(xingjuan),not only textual dialogues between scholars of high and low positions are built,but and it also provides the a way window to observe how their literary thoughts are displays also revealedyed. Moreover,in the Northern Song Dynasty,candidates would could still discuss views that displayed by previous dynast masters of the earlier dynasty in their letters to the literature literati leaders at that time. Under the stable literati literary order set by Han Yu and Liu Zong yuan,ancient classical literary thoughts in Tang Dynasty has beenare inherited to Song Dynasty,which promoted intrinsic study on this subject in Northern Song Dynasty. Through research studies on the writing mechanism system of letters discussing about ancient classical literary criticism by scholars in of the Tang and Song Dynasties,we may recognize the value of letters in the whole entire history of ancient classical literary theory history.