基于线粒体基因分析蓝孔雀与绿孔雀的遗传差异

The Analysis of Genetic Variation between Pavo cristatus and Pavo muticus Based on Mitochondrial Genes

种间的遗传差异是物种分类和确定保护管理单元的基础,本研究利用DNA条形码技术对未知样本进行鉴定,通过NCBI进行BLAST得到结果是:与绿孔雀的同源性为96%。近一步通过对蓝孔雀(Pavo cristatus)和绿孔雀(Pavo muticus)线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ(cytochrome coxidaseⅠ,COⅠ)基因及线粒体基因组的比较分析,结果表明两物种间的COⅠ基因在碱基组成、核苷酸多样性等各项指标上均具有明显差异。遗传距离分析结果表明蓝孔雀与绿孔雀种内遗传距离为分别0和0.012,种间遗传距离为0.045,表明种间仍具有明显的遗传差异。通过对两物种线粒体基因组各基因的比较分析,发现ND1基因变异位点所占比例相对较高,考虑作为绿孔雀和蓝孔雀种群遗传学研究的最优分子标记。本研究将为分析孔雀类群间的系统发育及制定绿孔雀的保护措施提供了更多科学依据。

Genetic variation between species are the basis for species classification and identification of protection management units.In the paper,DNA barcode technique was used to identify unknown samples,the result of BLAST was that the homology was 96%with the Pavo muticus by NCBI.Then the mitochondrial cytochrome CoxidaseⅠ(COⅠ)gene and mitochondrial genome of Pavo cristatus and Pavo muticus were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the COⅠgenes between the two species were significantly different in base composition and nucleotide diversity.The genetic distance analysis showed that the intraspecific genetic distances of Pavo cristatus and Pavo muticus were 0 and 0.012 respectively,and the interspecific genetic distance was 0.045,which indicated that there were significant interspecific genetic differences.It was found that the variable sites of ND1 genes was relatively high by comparing and analyzing the genes of the mitochondrial genome of two species.It could be considered as the best molecular marker for the reseach of the population genetics of Pavo cristatus and Pavo muticus.This paper will provide more scientific evidence for analyzing the phylogeny of Pavo genus and the protection measures for Pavo muticus.