221例药品不良反应报告

Reports of 221 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions

目的:探讨南方医科大学深圳医院(以下简称“我院”)药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)发生的规律及特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法:收集2016—2018年我院监测与上报的ADR报告221例,对ADR类型、患者性别及年龄、涉及药物类别、给药途径、ADR累及器官和(或)系统及ADR的关联性分析及预后等进行统计分析。结果:2016—2018年,我院上报的ADR病例数逐年增长。221例ADR中,一般的ADR居多,共137例(占61.99%);男性患者(127例,占57.47%)多于女性患者(94例,占42.53%);>60~70岁年龄段发生ADR的患者居多;ADR涉及14类药物、76个品种;引发ADR病例数最多的药物为抗感染药,其次为诊断用药(造影剂);静脉给药是发生ADR最主要的途径,其次为口服给药;ADR主要累及皮肤及其附件,其次为消化系统;严重的ADR有29例,其中11例(占37.93%)由抗感染药引起;67例新的ADR中,24例由抗感染药导致;经停药及对症处理后,大部分患者的ADR好转。结论:ADR的发生与药物类别、给药途径及患者年龄等多种因素有关,医务人员应重视ADR监测,促进临床安全用药。

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the regularities and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR)occurred in Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University(hereinafter referred to as“our hospital”),so as to provide references for clinical safe medication.METHODS:221 cases of ADR monitored and reported in our hospital during 2016-2018 were collected and analyzed in terms of types of ADR,patients’gender and age,categories of involved drugs,ADR involved organs and(or)systems,correlation analysis and prognosis.RESULTS:During 2016-2018,the number of reported ADR in our hospital had increased year by year.Among the 221 cases of ADR,mostly were general ADR,including 137 cases(61.99%);the number of male patients(127 cases,57.47%)was more than that of female patients(94 cases,42.53%);most patients were aged between>60-70;76 varieties of 14 categories of drugs were involved;anti-infectious drugs had induced the most ADR cases,followed by diagnostic drugs(contrast agents);intravenous administration was the main route inducing ADR,followed by oral administration;the ADR mainly involved skin and its accessories,followed by digestive system;there were 29 cases of severe ADR,of which 11 cases(37.93%)were induced by anti-infectious drugs;of the 67 new ADR cases,24 cases were induced by anti-infectious drugs;most patients turned better after drug withdrawl and symptomatic treatment.CONCLUSIONS:The occurrence of ADR is related to multiple factors,including categories of drugs,administration routs and patients’age,medical staff should pay attention to ADR monitoring to promote safe clinical medication.