复合超滤膜在饮料无菌包装工业中的应用

Application of composite ultrafiltration membrane in aseptic packaging industry of beverages

饮料生产必须要保证其在包装后的微生物含量符合安全饮用的国家标准。超滤是一种能有效保留饮料中营养成分和风味的冷灭菌技术,以其为基础开发安全经济的饮料无菌包装系统是可行的。首先以水玻璃和聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol,vinylalcohol polymer,PVA)为基础材料,将两者以不同比例混合,利用共混法制备安全、有效和成本低的PVA/SiO2复合超滤膜。然后,以复合膜为基础设计和组装能应用于饮料无菌包装的系统。该系统中,包装瓶上的丁基橡胶塞也是必要组成之一。最后在普通实验室条件下进行饮料无菌包装效果实验,结果表明:所包装的瓶装饮用水的微生物指标符合GB 8537-2018《食品安全国家标准饮用天然矿泉水》,啤酒、鸡尾酒过滤液微生物指标符合GB 2758-2012《食品安全国家标准发酵酒及其配制酒》;放置28 d和180 d后,3种饮料中的微生物指标仍然符合国家标准要求。该无菌包装系统适用于不含蛋白质等大分子的透明型饮料的生产,具有应用前景。

Elimination of microorganisms is necessary in beverage production. It must be assured that the content of microorganisms in packed beverages meets the requirements of national standards during production and storage. Presently, aseptic packaging is widely adopted. Ultrafiltration is a kind of cold sterilization technique that does not change the nutrients and flavor of the beverage. The aim of this study is to develop a safe and economical aseptic packaging system of beverages. Firstly, a safe, efficient and economical polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/SiO2 composite membrane was developed using water glass and PVA as raw materials that mixed with different ratios. Then, an aseptic packaging system of beverages was designed and assembled on the basis of the composite membrane prepared. In this system, the medical butyl rubber stopper of packaging bottle was an essential part. Study on the effect of aseptic packaging of beverages under a normal laboratory condition indicated that microbial index of packaged water met the requirements of GB 8537-2018(National Standard for Food Safety: Drinkable Natural Mineral Water) and that of packaged beer and cocktail wine met the requirements of GB 2758-2012(National Standard for Food Safety: Fermented and Formulated Wine) respectively. After storing for 28 and 180 days, the results showed that these packaged beverages still met the requirements of national standards. Thus, this kind of aseptic packaging system is suitable for producing clear(transparent) beverages that do not contain nutrients with large molecular weights such as proteins and has good application prospect.