松子壳基活性炭的制备及其性能研究

Study on preparation and properties of pine nut shell-based activated carbon

以松子壳为原料,分别以NaOH、KOH、Na2CO3、K2CO3为活化剂,采用化学活化法制备松子壳基活性炭。将经预处理的松子壳粉在500℃炭化2h,按照活化剂和活性炭质量比2∶1混合均匀,在800℃下活化2h以制备松子壳基活性炭。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱对活性炭的表面官能团进行测定,并使用扫描电子显微镜表征样品形貌。松子壳基活性炭的碘吸附值按照国家标准方法测定。循环伏安、恒流充放电通过三电极体系测定。结果表明,KOH活化制备的松子壳基活性炭碘吸附值最大(1482.04mg/g);循环伏安测试表明KOH活化制备的活性炭响应电流最大,性能最优异;当电流密度为7.8125 A/g,KOH活化制备的活性炭对应的放电比电容值仍为175.78F/g,说明该电极材料电容性能较好,是良好的储能材料。

Pine nut shell based activated carbon was prepared by chemical activation method with NaOH, KOH, Na2CO3 and K2CO3 as activators. The pre-treated pine nut shell powder was carbonized at 500 ℃ for 2 hours, mixed evenly according to the mass ratio of activator and activated carbon 2:1, and activated at 800 ℃ for 2 hours to prepare pine nut shell based activated carbon. The surface functional groups of activated carbon were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The morphology of the samples was characterized by scanning electron microscope. The iodine adsorption value of pine nut shell-based activated carbon was determined according to the national standard method. Cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge were measured by three-electrode system. The results showed that the iodine adsorption value of pine nut shell-based activated carbon prepared by KOH activation was the largest(1482.04 mg/g). The cyclic voltammetry test showed that the activated carbon prepared by KOH activation had the highest response current and the best performance. When the current density is 7.8125 A/g,the corresponding discharge specific capacitance of the activated carbon prepared by KOH activation is still 175.78 F/g, indicating that the electrode material has good capacitance performance. It is a good energy storage material.