红妆赋红——程芙亭《红楼梦》赋考论

Fu on Dream of the Red Chamber by Poetess——A Case Study of Cheng Futing

清代闺秀多以诗词形式题咏《红楼梦》,而道光年间程芙亭的《贾宝玉祭芙蓉女儿赋》《林黛玉葬花赋》则是清代闺秀中罕见的以赋咏红的作品。其以《红楼梦》中宝玉祭祀晴雯、黛玉葬花二事为内容,抒情意味浓厚,情志悲怆,表明作者“以悲哀为主”的情感倾向。程芙亭选取黛玉、晴雯为其题咏对象,与其自身经历是分不开的。程芙亭才貌两全,然韶年而逝,《葬花吟》为黛玉自作之“诗谶”,程赋一定程度上也可视为芙亭自作之“赋谶”。程芙亭的赋作也反映了清代闺秀对《红楼梦》的接受。

In the Qing dynasty,most poetesses commented on Dream of the Red Chamber in the form of poem.But“Fu on Jia Baoyu s Commemoration of Furong”and“Fu on Lin Daiyu Burying the Fallen Petals”written by Cheng Futing in the Daoguang period were two rare works on that novel in the form of fu.Taking Baoyu s commemoration of Qingwen and Daiyu s burial of the fallen flowers as contents,these fu with strong emotional expression and pathos,indicate the authoress s tendency to“focus on sorrow”.Cheng Futing s choice of Daiyu and Qingwen as her subjects was inseparable from her own experience.She was talented and pretty but died young.“Song of Burying Fallen Blossoms”is a prophetic poem written by Daiyu for herself which is fulfilled later.To some extent,Cheng s fu can as well be regarded as a prophetic fu on her own life.In addition,they also reflect literary women s acceptance of Dream of the Red Chamber in the Qing dynasty.