国家助学贷款政策的演变与执行研究

Research on the evolution and implementation of the national student loan policy

高等教育改革逐步确立了高等教育收费制度,而随着经济社会的变迁,社会弱势群体遭遇经济困境,导致贫困生就学问题一度凸显。国家助学贷款是我国利用金融手段解决贫困家庭学生上学难问题、促进教育公平和支持高等教育改革的重要举措。本文基于政策执行的相关研究,结合政策网络理论,提出了"关系模式-制度激励-社会资本"的分析框架,通过梳理国家助学贷款的发展路径,选取助学贷款政策执行的三种不同模式进行了案例研究和比较分析,从而对同一政策的执行过程和结果呈现出多样性的影响因素和作用机制进行了探讨,并对国家助学贷款政策的可持续发展提出了建议。

The national student loan is an important policy tool to provide financial aid to the students from poor families,promote fair education,and support higher education reform in China.This paper takes the national student loan as an example and proposes the analysis framework of"relationship model-institutional incentive-social capital"based on policy network theory.This paper sorts out the development path of the national student loan,selects three different modes of student loan implementation policy to carry out case studies and comparative analysis,thereby discusses the influencing factors and mechanisms of the same policy’s diverse implementation process and results.In the end,this paper makes some suggestions on the national student loan policy.