论围产期对肉用繁殖母牛的重要性

Discussion on the Importance of Perinatal Period for Meat Breeding Cows

结合肉用繁殖母牛养殖效益增长点和生产特点,确定肉用繁殖母牛的围产期为产前45 d和产后30 d,以充分适应母牛妊娠、分娩、泌乳等生理变化过程,从而确保做到一年一胎,达到提高规模牛场的繁殖水平和养殖经济效益的目的。本文从营养需要、围产期管理、影响繁育的因素等方面介绍了围产期的营养需要,归纳了围产期在预产准备、饲养管理、分娩及护理等方面的具体做法,并总结了年龄、营养、身体状况等因素对繁殖性能的影响,以期优化管理围产期各生产环节,从而改善母牛生产水平,确保后代犊牛长期健康和旺盛的生产力,为母牛围产期养殖提供参考依据。

Combining the growth benefits and production characteristics of meat breeding cows, the perinatal period was determined to be 45 days before and 30 days after birth to fully adapt to physiological changes such as pregnancy, childbirth and lactation of cows, so as to ensure one birth per year, and to achieve the purpose of improving the breeding level in large-scale cattle farms and enhancing the economic benefits. In this study, the nutritional needs during perinatal period from the aspects of nutritional requirements, perinatal management, and factors affecting reproduction were introduced. The specific methods of perinatal preparation,feeding management, delivery and nursing were sorted out, and the effects of age, nutrition, physical conditions and other factors on reproductive performance were also summarized, with a view to optimizing the management of various production stages during the perinatal period, thereby improving the level of cow production, ensuring the long-term health and vigorous productivity of the offspring calves, and providing some reference for cow rearing in perinatal period.