耐火材料冲蚀实验与机理研究

Study on erosion of molten steel to refractory

在钢铁冶炼过程中,耐火材料会受到钢液的冲蚀。本文分别以板状刚玉和含镁刚玉为骨料,以α-氧化铝以及镁砂为细粉,制备成板状刚玉质浇注料试样和含镁刚玉质浇注料试样,采用静止试样浸液通气法研究了钢液对不同刚玉质耐火材料的冲蚀。结果表明,耐火材料冲蚀的发生取决于材料的临界冲蚀强度;随着吹气量的增加,当钢液冲蚀应力大于材料的临界冲蚀强度时,冲蚀发生;冲蚀首先从耐火材料的基质部分开始,直至骨料剥落。含镁刚玉质耐火材料的临界冲蚀强度高于板状刚玉质耐火材料。

In steelmaking process,the refractories are eroded by molten steel.In this paper,corundum castable and alumina-magnesia castable are prepared with tabular corundum and magnesium corundum as aggregates,α-alumina and magnesia as fines,erosions of molten steel to different refractories are studied with the method of static sample immersion ventilation.The results show that the occurrence of refractory erosion depends on the critical erosion strength of the material.With the increase of blowing volum,erosion occurs when the shear stress is higher than the critical shear strength.Erosion begins with the matrix part of the refractory material until the aggregate peels off.Alumina-magnesia refractory had better erosion resistance than tabular corundum refractory.