试论藏族寓言文学创作技巧

On the Creative Skills of Tibetan Fable Literature

在藏族文学史上“寓言”一词最早见于十一世纪伟大的教育教学家博多瓦仁钦赛所著《喻法论聚宝》和《蓝宝书》中,距今已有近一千年的历史,博多瓦仁钦塞因深谙驾驭寓言教学艺术功能而闻名于藏区。后来宗喀巴大师等诸多佛学泰斗继承了博多瓦仁钦塞借用寓言艺术的形式,巧妙地铺陈深深的意义,高超的典故引领等技巧,但未曾有人针对藏族寓言的形成背景、艺术功效、运用技巧、创作技艺、社会效益等特色方面进行研究,甚是遗憾!本文围绕藏族“特色寓言”的形成背景,艺术功效、社会效益、教育教学功能、创作技巧、内涵特色、取材方式等方面进行较为深入的探讨研究;分析阐释藏族“特色寓言”的渊源意义、成因整合、艺术特性、导致濒临现状原因和抢救方法等,试图将使藏族“特色寓言”全面能够得到继承和发展,起到提高人们的内心道德水平、教育教学质量等方面的巨大作用。

In the history of Tibetan literature,the word“Dpe Chos”was first found in the works written by Bo To Ba Rin Chen Gsal in the 11th century.It has a history of nearly one thousand years.He was famous in Tibetan areas for his mastery of the art of fable teaching.Many Buddhist masters such as Tsongkaba inherited his fable art form and expressed his profound significance and superb allusions skillfully,but no one has studied the formation background,artistic efficacy,application skills,creative techniques and social benefits of Tibetan fables.This paper focuses on the formation background,artistic effects,social benefits,educational and teaching functions,creative skills,connotation and characteristics,material selection methods,and other aspects of Tibetan“characteristic fables”to conduct a more in-depth study.It analyzes and explains the origin,the integration of the causes of meaning,the artistic characteristics,and the endangered status and the protecting methods of the Tibetan“characteristic fables”,and tries to make the Tibetan“characteristic fables”inherit and develop in an all-round way and play a great role in improving people's inner moral level and the quality of education and teaching.